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The president of Germany (German: Reichspräsident, lit. 'president of the Reich') was the head of state under the Weimar Constitution, which was officially in force from 1919 to 1945, encompassing the periods of the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany.
The Weimar Constitution of August 1919 created the office of President of the Reich (German: Reichspräsident). Upon the death of Paul von Hindenburg in August 1934, the office was left vacant, with Adolf Hitler becoming head of state as Führer und Reichskanzler (retroactively approved by a referendum ).
When President Hindenburg died in August 1934, the Law Concerning the Head of State of the German Reich merged the offices of Reich President and Chancellor and conferred the position on Hitler, who thus also became head of state and Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. [5] By 1939, party membership was compulsory for all civil service ...
The Third Reich, [l] meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", referred to the Nazi claim that Nazi Germany was the successor to the earlier Holy Roman Empire (800/962–1806) and German Empire (1871–1918).
Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk – Reich Minister of Finance (1932–1945) and "Leading Minister" of the last cabinet of the Third Reich under Reich President Großadmiral Karl Dönitz. Siegfried Seidl – Commandant of the Theresienstadt (1941–1943) and Bergen-Belsen (1943–1944) concentration camps.
Otto Meissner in 1928. Otto Lebrecht Eduard Daniel Meissner (13 March 1880 – 27 May 1953) was head of the Office of the President of Germany from 1920 to 1945 during nearly the entire period of the Weimar Republic under Friedrich Ebert and Paul von Hindenburg and, finally, under the Nazi government under Adolf Hitler.
After Reich President Ebert died at the beginning of 1925 at the age of 54, the candidate of the parties that supported the Republic, Wilhelm Marx of the Centre Party, was defeated in the second round of the 1925 Reich presidential election by the candidate of the nationalist right, Paul von Hindenburg, 48.3% to 45.3%.
June 1934: Hanns Kerrl enters the Cabinet as a Reich Minister without Portfolio. June 1934: Röhm, Reich Minister without Portfolio, is murdered. July 1934: Göring (already a Reich Minister) is also granted cabinet rank as the Reichsforstmeister in the Reich Forestry Office. August 1934: Vice-Chancellor Franz von Papen leaves the cabinet. A ...