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Annunciation to Joachim and Anna, fresco by Gaudenzio Ferrari, 1544–45 (detail). The Gospel of James (or the Protoevangelium of James) [Note 1] is a second-century infancy gospel telling of the miraculous conception of the Virgin Mary, her upbringing and marriage to Joseph, the journey of the couple to Bethlehem, the birth of Jesus, and events immediately following.
Luke – a doctor who wrote what is now the book of Luke to Theophilus. Also known to have written the book of Acts (or Acts of the Apostles) and to have been a close friend of Paul of Tarsus; John – a disciple of Jesus and the youngest of his Twelve Apostles
The author is identified as "James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ" (James 1:1). James (Jacob, Hebrew: יַעֲקֹב, romanized: Ya'aqov, Ancient Greek: Ιάκωβος, romanized: Iakobos) was an extremely common name in antiquity, and a number of early Christian figures are named James, including: James the son of Zebedee, James the Less, James the son of Alphaeus, and James ...
Based on his accurate description of towns, cities and islands, as well as correctly naming various official titles, archaeologist William Mitchell Ramsay wrote that "Luke is a historian of the first rank; not merely are his statements of fact trustworthy. …[He] should be placed along with the very greatest of historians."
Paul's theology of the gospel accelerated the separation of the messianic sect of Christians from Judaism, a development contrary to Paul's own intent. He wrote that faith in Christ was alone decisive in salvation for Jews and Gentiles alike, making the schism between the followers of Christ and mainstream Jews inevitable and permanent.
The Gospel of James (or "Infancy Gospel of James"), a work of the 2nd century, also presents itself as written by James [74] – so that his authorship would lend authority. In a 4th-century letter pseudographically ascribed to the 1st century Clement of Rome , [ 75 ] James was called the "bishop of bishops, who rules Jerusalem, the Holy Church ...
The Apocryphon of James, [1] also called the Secret Book of James [2] [3] or the Apocryphal Epistle of James, [4] [5] is a Gnostic epistle. [ 1 ] [ 4 ] It is the second tractate in Codex I of the Nag Hammadi library .
[64] [65] Paul's first meeting with Peter and James was approximately 36 AD, close to the time of the crucifixion (30 or 33 AD.) [65] Paul was a contemporary of Jesus and, according to some, from Paul's writings alone, a fairly full outline of the life of Jesus can found: his descent from Abraham and David, his upbringing in the Jewish Law ...