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To an impala, the pinna is useful in collecting sound. In animals, the function of the pinna is to collect sound, and perform spectral transformations to incoming sounds which enable the process of vertical localization to take place. [2] It collects sound by acting as a funnel, amplifying the sound and directing it to the auditory canal.
Nerve supply [ edit ] Sensation of the outer surface of the tympanic membrane is supplied mainly by the auriculotemporal nerve , a branch of the mandibular nerve ( cranial nerve V 3 ), with contributions from the auricular branch of the vagus nerve ( cranial nerve X ), the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII), and possibly the glossopharyngeal ...
In human embryo, a double innervation is seen only in the first pharyngeal arch. The mandibular nerve is the post-trematic nerve of the first arch and chorda tympani (branch of facial nerve) is the pre-trematic nerve. This double innervation is reflected in the nerve supply of anterior two-thirds of tongue which is derived from the first arch. [12]
The posterior auricular nerve arises from the facial nerve (CN VII). [1] It is the first branch outside of the skull. [2] This origin is close to the stylomastoid foramen. It runs upward in front of the mastoid process. It is joined by a branch from the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (CN X).
It is often assumed the reflex is a vestigial Preyer reflex (also known as the pinna reflex). [ 6 ] [ 7 ] A study on auriculomotor activity found that in the presence of sudden, surprising sounds, the muscles around the ear closest to the direction of the sound would respond by moving involuntarily, causing the pinna to be pulled backwards and ...
It then crosses over the root of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, deep to the superficial temporal artery. [citation needed] Shortly after the secretomotor parasympathetic fibers branch from the auriculotemporal nerve (parotid branches) to innervate the parotid gland, the auriculotemporal nerve comprises exclusively somatosensory ...
The Outer ear consists of the pinna or auricle (visible parts including ear lobes and concha), and the auditory meatus (the passageway for sound). The fundamental function of this part of the ear is to gather sound energy and deliver it to the eardrum. Resonances of the external ear selectively boost sound pressure with frequency in the range 2 ...
The nerve reaches the surface by passing through the tympanomastoid fissure between the mastoid process and the tympanic part of the temporal bone, and divides into two branches: one joins the posterior auricular nerve. the other is distributed to the skin of the back of the ear (auricle) and to the posterior part of the ear canal.