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Melvin Calvin, James Bassham, and Andrew Benson at the University of California, Berkeley, discover the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis. [3]Entomologist Willi Hennig publishes Grundzüge einer Theorie der phylogenetischen Systematik in East Germany, pioneering the study of cladistics.
The Scientific Revolution occurs in Europe around this period, greatly accelerating the progress of science and contributing to the rationalization of the natural sciences. 16th century: Gerolamo Cardano solves the general cubic equation (by reducing them to the case with zero quadratic term).
February 13 Max Perutz publishes the structure of hemoglobin. [4]John Kendrew publishes the structure of myoglobin. [5]March 5 – British marine biologist Sir Alister Hardy announces his aquatic ape hypothesis, theorising that swimming and diving for food exerted a strong evolutionary effect partly responsible for the divergence in the common descent of humans and other great apes.
1960 – John Kendrew described the structure of myoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in muscle. 1960 – Four separate researchers (S. Weiss, J. Hurwitz, Audrey Stevens Niyogi and J. Bonner) discovered bacterial RNA polymerase, which polymerizes nucleotides under the direction of DNA. 1960 – Robert Woodward synthesized chlorophyll.
Such discoveries are often a multi-step, multi-person process. Multiple discovery sometimes occurs when multiple research groups discover the same phenomenon at about the same time, and scientific priority is often disputed. The listings below include some of the most significant people and ideas by date of publication or experiment.
A golden age of physics began with the simultaneous discovery of the principle of the conservation of energy in the mid-19th century. [7] [8] A golden age of physics was the years 1925 to 1927. [9] The golden age of nonlinear physics was the period from 1950 to 1970, encompassing the Fermi–Pasta–Ulam–Tsingou problem and others. [10]
The science behind COVID-19 PCR tests can be traced back to two microbiologists' discovery in the hot springs of Yellowstone National Park. How a 1960s discovery in Yellowstone made millions of ...
January 11 – Lloyd Conover is granted a patent for tetracycline in the United States. [11]February 19 – Mendelevium (atomic number 101) is first synthesized by Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gregory R. Choppin, Bernard G. Harvey, and Stanley G. Thompson (team leader) at the University of California, Berkeley.