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The Second French Empire, [a] officially the French Empire, [b] was the government of France from 1852 to 1870. It was established on 2 December 1852 by Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte , president of France under the French Second Republic , who proclaimed himself Emperor of the French as Napoleon III.
From left to right, clockwise: Conflict erupts between the Second French Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia leading to the Franco-Prussian War in 1870; a fire in Chicago kills approximately 300 people and leaves about another 100,000 people homeless in 1871; Claude Monet's Impression, Sunrise is recognized as the source of inspiration for the Impressionist movement; The U.S. Army is defeated by ...
In the first seven weeks of the Franco-Prussian War, Prussian and other German forces experienced several great military successes against the struggling French government, including the capture of the French emperor, Napoleon III at the Battle of Sedan on 2 September 1870. This caused the collapse of Second French Empire, to be replaced by a ...
Second Opium War: British and French troops entered the Forbidden City in Beijing. 1866: 31 May: French intervention in Mexico: French troops start withdrawing from the country. 1870–1940: Third Republic: 1871: 10 May: The end of the Franco-Prussian War: France's loss marked the downfall of Napoleon III and led to the end of the Second French ...
French mobilization was ordered early on 15 July. [27] Upon receiving news of the French mobilization, the North German Confederation mobilized on the night of 15–16 July, while Bavaria and Baden did likewise on 16 July and Württemberg on 17 July. [28] On 19 July 1870, the French sent a declaration of war to the Prussian government. [29]
The Second French Empire, officially the "French Empire," was an Imperial Bonapartist regime of Napoleon III from 14 January 1852 to 27 October 1870, between the Second and the Third Republic of France. The Second French Empire oversaw some of the most significant achievements in infrastructure and economy, and reasserted itself as the dominant ...
With the capture of Napoleon III, the Second French Empire collapsed and the Third French Republic was declared, provisionally led by the Government of National Defense. Despite German forces reaching and besieging Paris by 19 September 1870, the new French government advocated for the continuation of the war, leading to over four more months ...
February - Denis Vrain-Lucas is sentenced to 2 years in prison for multiple forgery, in Paris. 20 April - Constitutional referendum reaffirms the status of the Second French Empire. 14 July - Ems Dispatch published, serving as a casus belli for war between France and Prussia. 15 July - French army mobilizes.