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  2. Python syntax and semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_syntax_and_semantics

    For example, one could define a dictionary having a string "toast" mapped to the integer 42 or vice versa. The keys in a dictionary must be of an immutable Python type, such as an integer or a string, because under the hood they are implemented via a hash function. This makes for much faster lookup times, but requires keys not change.

  3. Comparison of data-serialization formats - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_data...

    ^ ASN.1 has X.681 (Information Object System), X.682 (Constraints), and X.683 (Parameterization) that allow for the precise specification of open types where the types of values can be identified by integers, by OIDs, etc. OIDs are a standard format for globally unique identifiers, as well as a standard notation ("absolute reference") for ...

  4. Serialization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serialization

    Flow diagram. In computing, serialization (or serialisation, also referred to as pickling in Python) is the process of translating a data structure or object state into a format that can be stored (e.g. files in secondary storage devices, data buffers in primary storage devices) or transmitted (e.g. data streams over computer networks) and reconstructed later (possibly in a different computer ...

  5. String interning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_interning

    The distinct values are stored in a string intern pool. The single copy of each string is called its intern and is typically looked up by a method of the string class, for example String.intern() [2] in Java. All compile-time constant strings in Java are automatically interned using this method. [3]

  6. Python (programming language) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)

    There are two types of divisions in Python: floor division (or integer division) // and floating-point/division. [103] Python uses the ** operator for exponentiation. Python uses the + operator for string concatenation. Python uses the * operator for duplicating a string a specified number of times.

  7. Extract, transform, load - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extract,_transform,_load

    Splitting a column into multiple columns (e.g., converting a comma-separated list, specified as a string in one column, into individual values in different columns) Disaggregating repeating columns; Looking up and validating the relevant data from tables or referential files

  8. Run-length encoding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run-length_encoding

    Run-length encoding (RLE) is a form of lossless data compression in which runs of data (consecutive occurrences of the same data value) are stored as a single occurrence of that data value and a count of its consecutive occurrences, rather than as the original run. As an imaginary example of the concept, when encoding an image built up from ...

  9. Data type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_type

    The standard type hierarchy of Python 3. In computer science and computer programming, a data type (or simply type) is a collection or grouping of data values, usually specified by a set of possible values, a set of allowed operations on these values, and/or a representation of these values as machine types. [1]