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An additional form of calcareous marine sediment consists of calcareous ooze, which is a form of calcium carbonate sediment that consists of >30% biogenous material predominantly consisting of organisms such as coccolithophores and foraminifera. [3]
Based upon the composition of the ooze, there are three main types of pelagic sediments: siliceous oozes, calcareous oozes, and red clays. [1] [2] The composition of pelagic sediments is controlled by three main factors. The first factor is the distance from major landmasses, which affects their dilution by terrigenous, or land-derived, sediment.
On the sea floors above the carbonate compensation depth, the most commonly found ooze is calcareous ooze; on the sea floors below the carbonate compensation depth, the most commonly found ooze is siliceous ooze. While calcareous ooze mostly consists of Rhizaria, siliceous ooze mostly consists of Radiolaria and diatoms. [10] [11]
The two primary types of ooze are siliceous, which is composed primarily of silica (SiO 2), and calcareous or carbonate, which is mostly calcium carbonate (CaCO 3). [1] In an area in which biogenous is the dominant sediment type, the composition of microorganisms in that location determines to which category it is classified.
The coccolithophores lived in the upper part of the water column. When they died, the microscopic calcium carbonate plates, which formed their shells settled downward through the ocean water and accumulated on the ocean bottom to form a thick layer of calcareous ooze, which eventually became the Chalk Group.
Marine sediment, or ocean sediment, or seafloor sediment, are deposits of insoluble particles that have accumulated on the seafloor.These particles either have their origins in soil and rocks and have been transported from the land to the sea, mainly by rivers but also by dust carried by wind and by the flow of glaciers into the sea, or they are biogenic deposits from marine organisms or from ...
This allowed for the preservation of calcareous microfossils, e.g. foraminifera and coccoliths, in the Madeira Abyssal Plain and the formation of calcareous ooze. Conversely, during glacial periods, and prior to 2.6 million years ago, the carbonate compensation depth was shallower. This leads either to poor preservation of calcareous ...
Siliceous ooze is a type of biogenic pelagic sediment located on the deep ocean floor. Siliceous oozes are the least common of the deep sea sediments, and make up approximately 15% of the ocean floor. [ 1 ]