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Pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther of a plant to the stigma of a plant, later enabling fertilisation and the production of seeds. [1] Pollinating agents can be animals such as insects, for example beetles or butterflies; birds, and bats; water; wind; and even plants themselves.
A pollinator garden is a group of plants grown together with the intention of attracting wild pollinators. Pollination is the reproductive process that enables plants to produce seeds. [5] When pollen from the male part of one flower is moved to the female part of another flower of the same species, fertilization occurs.
Symptoms of inadequate pollination are small and misshapen apples, and slowness to ripen. The seeds can be counted to evaluate pollination. Well-pollinated apples have best quality, and will have seven to ten seeds. [12] Apples with fewer than three seeds will usually not mature and will drop from the trees in the early summer.
Following the pollination of a flower, fertilization, and finally the development of a seed and fruit, a mechanism is typically used to disperse the fruit away from the plant. [97] In Angiosperms (flowering plants) seeds are dispersed away from the plant so as to not force competition between the mother and the daughter plants, [ 98 ] as well ...
Bee pollinating a sunflower. Pollen is transferred from anther of one plant to stigma of another as bee collects nectar. Pollen tubes are unique to seed plants and their structures have evolved over their history since the Carboniferous period. Pollen tube formation is complex and the mechanism is not fully understood.
In bryophytes and pteridophytic land plants, fertilisation of the sperm and egg takes place within the archegonium. In seed plants, the male gametophyte is formed within a pollen grain. After pollination, the pollen grain germinates, and a pollen tube grows and penetrates the ovule through a tiny pore called a micropyle. The sperm are ...
The pollination of orchids represents a complex aspect of the biology of this plant family, characterized by intricate flower structures and diverse ecological interactions with pollinator. Notably, the topic has garnered significant scientific interest over time, including the attention of Charles Darwin , who is recognized for his ...
It is uncommon for pathogens to be transmitted from the plant to its seeds (in sexual reproduction or in apomixis), though there are occasions when it occurs. [2] [page needed] Seeds generated by apomixis are a means of asexual reproduction, involving the formation and dispersal of seeds that do not originate from the fertilization of the embryos.