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Fasciation (pronounced / ˌ f æ ʃ i ˈ eɪ ʃ ə n /, from the Latin root meaning "band" or "stripe"), also known as cresting, is a relatively rare condition of abnormal growth in vascular plants in which the apical meristem (growing tip), which normally is concentrated around a single point and produces approximately cylindrical tissue ...
Galls (from the Latin galla, 'oak-apple') or cecidia (from the Greek kēkidion, anything gushing out) are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants. Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths [1] of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or warts in animals.
The gall is a stalked, club-like smooth pouch (7−15 mm high) on the leaves of elm trees. Feeding inside the gall is a nymph and some wax. Partly formed galls are pale yellow patches with irregular lumpy projections on the top surface of the leaf. On the underside of the leaf, young galls may have a hairy opening. [6]
The bush coconut gall is an abnormal growth of plant tissue that occurs on the leaves, twigs or branches of the host tree. [2] Bush coconut galls have an uneven surface and variable shape but they are generally spherical and have the appearance of a small fruit.
The mite causes abnormal plant growths, known as galls on their primary host, elm trees (Ulmus species). To complete there life-cycle they feed on a secondary host, the roots of currant bushes ( Ribes species).
The abnormal buds develop during the summer and the bud is wholly replaced by the growing gall. Marble galls may remain attached to the tree for several years. [7] [8] The level of attack by the insect varies greatly from year to year. [9] Oak marble galls showing two stunted and two normal-sized examples
As the name implies, the larvae of most gall midges feed within plant tissue, creating abnormal plant growths called galls. Cecidomyiidae are very fragile small insects usually only 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) in length; many are less than 1 mm (0.039 in) long.
Basidiocarps can take up to one and a half or even three years to be visible. This infections causes the trees to have abnormal needle growth, pale yellow barks, and the trees to wither and die. This root disease typically causes the tree to have a thin crown from bottom up and inside out. Trees will eventually die.