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Constitution Monument in the Haitian capital Port-au-Prince. A total of 22 constitutions have been promulgated throughout Haiti's history, [1] before the first constitution, a colonial constitution was promulgated under the short-lived government of then-Governor-General in 1801 Toussaint Louverture, who had become one of the leaders of the revolutionary forces in the Haitian Revolution.
1801: 27 January: Toussaint invaded the eastern part of Hispaniola and captured Santo Domingo, declaring freedom for all slaves and appointing a ten-member Central Assembly to issue a constitution. 8 July: The Constitution of 1801 was promulgated, under which Toussaint Louverture: 1802: 29 January
In March 1801, Louverture appointed a constitutional assembly, composed chiefly of white planters, to draft a constitution for Saint-Domingue. He promulgated the Constitution on 7 July 1801, officially establishing his authority over the entire island of Hispaniola. It made him governor-general for life with near absolute powers and the ...
Toussaint defeated a British expeditionary force in 1798. In addition, he led an invasion of neighboring Santo Domingo (December 1800), and freed the slaves there on 3 January 1801. In 1801, Louverture issued a constitution for Saint-Domingue that decreed he would be governor-for-life and called for black autonomy and a sovereign black state.
On 1 January 1804, Dessalines, the new leader under the dictatorial 1801 constitution, declared Haiti a state in the name of the Haitian people. Dessalines' secretary Boisrond-Tonnerre stated, "For our declaration of independence, we should have the skin of a white man for parchment, his skull for an inkwell, his blood for ink, and a bayonet ...
“The Constitution and Haitian laws nowhere provide for this institution,” the communique said, adding that faced with the legal questions, the council of ministers wants to create a commission ...
The people of Haiti, a member of the United Nations, have waged tireless battles to gain the most basic of freedoms and rights. We remember particularly the resistance of the Haitian people ...
In 1843, Haiti descended into chaos after a revolt which overthrew Boyer; the government was then run by short-lived emperors and generals. A more workable constitution was introduced under Michel Domingue in 1874, leading to a long period of democratic peace and development for Haiti. Haiti was occupied by the United States from 1915