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The voiced uvular trill is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ʀ , a small capital version of the Latin letter r .
The alveolar trill was still the common sound of r in Southern France and in Quebec at the beginning of the 20th century, having been gradually replaced since then, due to Parisian influence, by the uvular pronunciation. The alveolar trill is now mostly associated, even in Southern France and in Quebec, with older speakers and rural settings.
R-labialization leads to pronunciations such as these: red – [ʋɛd] ring – [ʋɪŋ] rabbit – [ˈʋæbɪt] Merry Christmas – [mɛʋi ˈkʋɪsməs] However, the replacement of /r/ by some kind of labial approximant may also occur caused by a type of speech impediment called rhotacism or derhotacization.
Many northern dialects retain the alveolar trill, and the trill is still dominant in rural areas. See Portuguese phonology and Guttural R. Scots: bricht [brɪçt] 'bright' Scottish Gaelic: ceàrr [kʲaːrˠ] 'false' Velarized. Pronounced as a trill at the beginning of a word, or as rr, or before consonants d, t, l, n, s; otherwise a voiced ...
The voiced uvular approximant is also found interchangeably with the fricative, and may also be transcribed as ʁ . Because the IPA symbol stands for the uvular fricative, the approximant may be specified by adding the downtack : ʁ̞ , though some writings [ 1 ] use a superscript ʶ , which is not an official IPA practice.
Unlike other uvular consonants, the uvular trill is articulated without a retraction of the tongue, and therefore doesn't lower neighboring high vowels the way uvular stops commonly do. Several other languages, including Inuktitut , Abkhaz , Uyghur and some varieties of Arabic , have a voiced uvular fricative but do not treat it as a rhotic ...
The "stage pronunciation" of German specifies the alveolar trill for clarity. Rare kinds of trills include Czech ř [r̝] (fricative trill) and Welsh rh [r̥] (voiceless trill). The uvular trill is another kind of rhotic trill; see below for more.
A partially devoiced uvular or pre-uvular (i.e. between velar and uvular) trill [ʀ̝̊] with some frication occurs as a coda allophone of /ʀ/ in the Limburgish dialects of Maastricht and Weert. [6] [7] Voiceless trills occur phonemically in e.g. Welsh and Icelandic. (See also voiceless alveolar trill, voiceless retroflex trill, voiceless ...