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  2. Immunogenic cell death - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunogenic_cell_death

    ICD or immunogenic apoptosis is a form of cell death resulting in a regulated activation of the immune response. This cell death is characterized by apoptotic morphology, [3] maintaining membrane integrity. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is generally recognised as a causative agent for ICD, with high production of reactive oxygen species ...

  3. Osteochondrodysplasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteochondrodysplasia

    Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be lifesaving for some disorders, such as with malignant infantile osteopetrosis. [ 25 ] [ 26 ] Even with treatments such as enzyme replacement therapy and stem cell transplantation, people with skeletal dysplasia often require orthopedic surgery and other disease management interventions.

  4. Dendritic spike - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendritic_spike

    Figure B. is a recording of an actual action potential N.B. Actual recordings of action potentials are often distorted compared to the schematic view because of variations in electrophysiological techniques used to make the recording. In neurophysiology, a dendritic spike refers to an action potential generated in the dendrite of a neuron ...

  5. Action potential - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_potential

    In some types of neurons, the entire up-and-down cycle takes place in a few thousandths of a second. In muscle cells, a typical action potential lasts about a fifth of a second. In plant cells, an action potential may last three seconds or more. [4] The electrical properties of a cell are determined by the structure of its membrane.

  6. Avascular necrosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avascular_necrosis

    The hematopoietic cells are most sensitive to low oxygen and are the first to die after reduction or removal of the blood supply, usually within 12 hours. [2] Experimental evidence suggests that bone cells ( osteocytes , osteoclasts , osteoblasts etc.) die within 12–48 hours, and that bone marrow fat cells die within 5 days.

  7. Waldenström macroglobulinemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldenström_macroglobulinemia

    It is commonly classified as a form of plasma cell dyscrasia, similar to other plasma cell dyscrasias that, for example, lead to multiple myeloma. Waldenström macroglobulinemia is commonly preceded by two clinically asymptomatic but progressively more pre-malignant phases, IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering ...

  8. Biological neuron model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_neuron_model

    The signal is a short electrical pulse called action potential or 'spike'. Fig 2. Time course of neuronal action potential ("spike"). Note that the amplitude and the exact shape of the action potential can vary according to the exact experimental technique used for acquiring the signal.

  9. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_inflammatory...

    White blood cell count less than 4000 cells/mm³ (4 x 10 9 cells/L) or greater than 12,000 cells/mm³ (12 x 10 9 cells/L); or the presence of greater than 10% immature neutrophils (band forms). Band forms greater than 3% is called bandemia or a "left-shift".