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The standard (size) tolerances are divided into two categories: hole and shaft. They are labelled with a letter (capitals for holes and lowercase for shafts) and a number. For example: H7 (hole, tapped hole, or nut) and h7 (shaft or bolt). H7/h6 is a very common standard tolerance which gives a tight fit.
Engineering fits are generally used as part of geometric dimensioning and tolerancing when a part or assembly is designed. In engineering terms, the "fit" is the clearance between two mating parts, and the size of this clearance determines whether the parts can, at one end of the spectrum, move or rotate independently from each other or, at the other end, are temporarily or permanently joined.
Standard tolerance grades are a group of tolerances for linear sizes characterized by a common identifier. For SI measurements, a system of tolerance grades defined in ISO 286 is frequently used and identified by the letters IT followed by a number specifying how precise the requirements are, relative to the nominal size of a part.
In mechanical engineering, limits and fits are a set of rules regarding the dimensions and tolerances of mating machined parts if they are to achieve the desired ease of assembly, and security after assembly - sliding fit, interference fit, rotating fit, non-sliding fit, loose fit, etc.
In precision mechanics, fit refers to the degree of 'looseness' with which a shaft is inserted into a bored hole. This coupling is related to the tolerance or allowance of both parts' dimensions. The shaft and the orifice must be of a similar diameter, otherwise there will not be a correct adjustment.
Geometrical Product Specification and Verification (GPS&V) [1] is a set of ISO standards developed by ISO Technical Committee 213. [2] The aim of those standards is to develop a common language to specify macro geometry (size, form, orientation, location) and micro-geometry (surface texture) of products or parts of products so that the language can be used consistently worldwide.
ISO 3600:2015 Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment — Operator's manuals — Content and format; ISO 3601 Fluid power systems – O-rings ISO 3601-1:2012 Inside diameters, cross-sections, tolerances and designation codes; ISO 3601-2:2016 Housing dimensions for general applications
A metric ISO screw thread is designated by the letter M followed by the value of the nominal diameter D (the maximum thread diameter) and the pitch P, both expressed in millimetres and separated by a dash or sometimes the multiplication sign, × (e.g. M8-1.25 or M8×1.25).