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Aerial view of the Hawthorne Works, ca. 1907. The Hawthorne Works was a large factory complex of the Western Electric Company in Cicero, Illinois. In addition to industrial plants, several on-site community amenities were provided to workers. Named for the original name of what became Cicero, Hawthorne, it opened in 1905 and operated until 1983.
According to Hawthorne scholar Rita K. Gollin, the "definitive edition" [127] of Hawthorne's works is The Centenary Edition of the Works of Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by William Charvat and others, published by The Ohio State University Press in twenty-three volumes between 1962 and 1997. [128]
The term "Hawthorne effect" was coined in 1953 by John R. P. French [7] after the Hawthorne studies were conducted between 1924 and 1932 at the Hawthorne Works (a Western Electric factory in Cicero, outside Chicago). The Hawthorne Works had commissioned a study to determine if its workers would become more productive in brighter or dimmer ...
The Scarlet Letter: A Romance is a work of historical fiction by American author Nathaniel Hawthorne, published in 1850. [2] Set in the Puritan Massachusetts Bay Colony during the years 1642 to 1649, the novel tells the story of Hester Prynne, who conceives a daughter with a man to whom she is not married and then struggles to create a new life of repentance and dignity.
In May 1986, after the Hawthorne Works were closed in 1983, the railroad was sold to the Chicago West Pullman Transportation Corp., a holding company who also owned a railroad on the south side of Chicago. [5] In 1992 OmniTRAX bought the railroad and a large part of the Hawthorne Works property, intending to make a business center with rail access.
Hawthorne felt compelled to abandon novels, instead focusing on short stories, many of which he published anonymously in The Token annual gift book between 1830 and 1838. [7] Fanshawe was so rare and Hawthorne was so secretive about his early attempt at a novel that after his death his wife, Sophia , insisted her husband had never written a ...
Multiple U.S. agencies have told employees not to respond immediately to a demand by President Donald Trump's adviser Elon Musk to list their accomplishments in the past week or be fired, as a ...
The modern standard edition of Hawthorne's works is The Centenary Edition of the Works of Nathaniel Hawthorne (ed. by William Charvat, Roy Harvey Pearce et al., Ohio State University Press, Columbus OH 1962–1997; 23 volumes). The Hollow of the Three Hills can be found in volume IX (Twice-Told Tales, 1974).