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The name of Athens, connected to the name of its patron goddess Athena, originates from an earlier Pre-Greek language. [1] The origin myth explaining how Athens acquired this name through the legendary contest between Poseidon and Athena was described by Herodotus, [2] Apollodorus, [3] Ovid, Plutarch, [4] Pausanias and others.
The oldest known human presence in Athens is the Cave of Schist, which has been dated to between the 11th and 7th millennia BC. [33] Athens has been continuously inhabited for at least 5,000 years (3000 BC).
The peak of Athenian hegemony was achieved in the 440s to 430s BC, known as the Age of Pericles. In the classical period , Athens was a centre for the arts, learning, and philosophy , the home of Plato 's Academy and Aristotle 's Lyceum , [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Athens was also the birthplace of Socrates , Plato, Pericles , Aristophanes , Sophocles , and ...
The Acropolis of Athens (Ancient Greek: ἡ Ἀκρόπολις τῶν Ἀθηνῶν, romanized: hē Akropolis tōn Athēnōn; Modern Greek: Ακρόπολη Αθηνών, romanized: Akrópoli Athinón) is an ancient citadel located on a rocky outcrop above the city of Athens, Greece, and contains the remains of several ancient buildings of great architectural and historical significance ...
The Acropolis at Athens (1846) by Leo von Klenze.Athena's name probably comes from the name of the city of Athens. [4] [5]Athena is associated with the city of Athens. [4] [6] The name of the city in ancient Greek is Ἀθῆναι (Athȇnai), a plural toponym, designating the place where—according to myth—she presided over the Athenai, a sisterhood devoted to her worship. [5]
Athenian democracy developed around the 6th century BC in the Greek city-state (known as a polis) of Athens, comprising the city of Athens and the surrounding territory of Attica, and focusing on supporting liberty, equality, and security [1]. Although Athens is the most familiar of the democratic city-states in ancient Greece, it was not the ...
Elpinice – Athenian noblewoman and daughter of Miltiades, known for confronting Pericles twice. Empedocles – philosopher; Entimus (Ἔντιμος) – one of the founders of the city of Gela [2] Entochus – sculptor; Epaminondas – Theban general; Epaphroditus of Chaeronea – scholar; Ephialtes – Athenian statesman; Ephialtes of ...
View of the ancient agora. The temple of Hephaestus is to the left and the Stoa of Attalos to the right.. The ancient Agora of Athens (also called the Classical Agora) is the best-known example of an ancient Greek agora, located to the northwest of the Acropolis and bounded on the south by the hill of the Areopagus and on the west by the hill known as the Agoraios Kolonos, also called Market ...