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In calculus, the quotient rule is a method of finding the derivative of a function that is the ratio of two differentiable functions. Let () = (), where both f and g are differentiable and () The quotient rule states that the derivative of h(x) is
The validity of this rule follows from the validity of the Feynman method, for one may always substitute a subscripted del and then immediately drop the subscript under the condition of the rule. For example, from the identity A ⋅( B × C ) = ( A × B )⋅ C we may derive A ⋅(∇× C ) = ( A ×∇)⋅ C but not ∇⋅( B × C ) = (∇× B ...
The expression under the limit is sometimes called the symmetric difference quotient. [3] [4] A function is said to be symmetrically differentiable at a point x if its symmetric derivative exists at that point. If a function is differentiable (in the usual sense) at a point, then it is also symmetrically differentiable, but the converse is not ...
The second derivative test can still be used to analyse critical points by considering the eigenvalues of the Hessian matrix of second partial derivatives of the function at the critical point. If all of the eigenvalues are positive, then the point is a local minimum; if all are negative, it is a local maximum.
The q-derivative of a function f(x) is defined as [1] [2] [3] () = ().It is also often written as ().The q-derivative is also known as the Jackson derivative.. Formally, in terms of Lagrange's shift operator in logarithmic variables, it amounts to the operator
In mathematics, the Rayleigh quotient [1] (/ ˈ r eɪ. l i /) for a given complex Hermitian matrix and nonzero vector is defined as: [2] [3] (,) =. For real matrices and vectors, the condition of being Hermitian reduces to that of being symmetric , and the conjugate transpose x ∗ {\displaystyle x^{*}} to the usual transpose x ...
[5] [6] The difference quotient is a measure of the average rate of change of the function over an interval (in this case, an interval of length h). [7] [8]: 237 [9] The limit of the difference quotient (i.e., the derivative) is thus the instantaneous rate of change. [9]
The calculus of variations (or variational calculus) is a field of mathematical analysis that uses variations, which are small changes in functions and functionals, to find maxima and minima of functionals: mappings from a set of functions to the real numbers.