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The end of World War II that had weakened European colonial powers, the start of the US-URSS search for influence and the establishment of the United Nations in 1945 praising universal equality, represented an impetus for anti-colonial and nationalist movements in Morocco.
Monument in memory of the 11 January 1944 proclamation in Salé, Morocco.. The Proclamation of Independence of Morocco (Arabic: وثيقة الاستقلال, French: Manifeste de l'Indépendance du Maroc), also translated as the Manifesto of Independence of Morocco or Proclamation of January 11, 1944, is a document in which Moroccan nationalists called for the independence of Morocco in its ...
On 1 April 1958, Spain and Morocco signed agreements in Dakhla—commonly referred to as the Cintra Agreements [33] —as compensation for Morocco's refusal to support the insurgents during the operation. [24] These agreements stipulated that Spain would return the Tarfaya strip to Morocco. [24] Current emblem of the Mauritanian Armed Forces.
Decolonization is the undoing of colonialism, the latter being the process whereby imperial nations establish and dominate foreign territories, often overseas. [1] The meanings and applications of the term are disputed. Some scholars of decolonization focus especially on independence movements in the colonies and the collapse of global colonial ...
Following the French bombardment of Casablanca and conquest of Morocco, the 1912 Treaty of Fes officially made Morocco a protectorate of France. [3] Though anti-colonial action occurred throughout the period of the French protectorate over Morocco, manifesting itself in activity such as the Rif War against Spain, organizing in response to the 1930 Berber Dahir, and the establishment of the ...
November 1975: Green March during which Morocco annexes Western Sahara, formerly part of Spanish Morocco. 1979: Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and start of the "Second Cold War". 1980: The UN reaches 154 member states. 1980: Assassination of Óscar Romero, prelate archbishop of San Salvador and proponent of the Liberation theology, on March 24.
Decoloniality is founded on the principle that European colonialism is at the root of how the modern world functions today. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] The decolonial movement includes diverse forms of critical theory, articulated by pluriversal forms of liberatory thinking that arise out of distinct situations.
The term "wars of national liberation" is most commonly used for those fought during the decolonization movement. Since these were primarily in the third world, against Western powers and their economic influence, and a major aspect of the Cold War, the phrase has often been applied selectively to criticize the foreign power involved. [2]