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  2. Freezing-point depression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freezing-point_depression

    The phenomenon of freezing-point depression has many practical uses. The radiator fluid in an automobile is a mixture of water and ethylene glycol. The freezing-point depression prevents radiators from freezing in winter. Road salting takes advantage of this effect to lower the freezing point of the ice it is placed on.

  3. Cryoscopic constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryoscopic_constant

    The term "cryoscopy" means "freezing measurement" in Greek. Freezing point depression is a colligative property, so ΔT depends only on the number of solute particles dissolved, not the nature of those particles. Cryoscopy is related to ebullioscopy, which determines the same value from the ebullioscopic constant (of boiling point elevation).

  4. List of thermodynamic properties - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_thermodynamic...

    On the other hand, some constants, such as K f (the freezing point depression constant, or cryoscopic constant), depend on the identity of a substance, and so may be considered to describe the state of a system, and therefore may be considered physical properties. "Specific" properties are expressed on a per mass basis.

  5. Gibbs–Thomson equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibbs–Thomson_equation

    The technique is closely related to using gas adsorption to measure pore sizes, but uses the Gibbs–Thomson equation rather than the Kelvin equation.They are both particular cases of the Gibbs Equations of Josiah Willard Gibbs: the Kelvin equation is the constant temperature case, and the Gibbs–Thomson equation is the constant pressure case. [1]

  6. List of boiling and freezing information of solvents - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_boiling_and...

    Freezing point (°C) K f (°C⋅kg/mol) Data source; Aniline: 184.3 3.69 –5.96 –5.87 K b & K f [1] ... Freezing-point depression; Boiling-point elevation; References

  7. Colligative properties - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colligative_properties

    Freezing point depression and boiling point elevation In chemistry , colligative properties are those properties of solutions that depend on the ratio of the number of solute particles to the number of solvent particles in a solution, and not on the nature of the chemical species present. [ 1 ]

  8. Supercooling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercooling

    Supercooling is the cooling of a liquid below its freezing point without it becoming solid. Freezing point depression is when a solution can be cooled below the freezing point of the corresponding pure liquid due to the presence of the solute; an example of this is the freezing point depression that occurs when salt is added to pure water.

  9. Plasma osmolality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_Osmolality

    The laboratory value measures the freezing point depression, properly called osmolality while the calculated value is given in units of osmolarity. Even though these values are presented in different units, when there is a small amount of solute compared to total volume of solution, the absolute values of osmolality vs. osmolarity are very close.