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Old Siberian Turkic, generally known as East Old Turkic and often shortened to Old Turkic, was a Siberian Turkic language spoken around East Turkistan and Mongolia. [1] It was first discovered in inscriptions originating from the Second Turkic Khaganate , and later the Uyghur Khaganate , making it the earliest attested Common Turkic language .
The Old Turkic script (also known variously as Göktürk script, Orkhon script, Orkhon-Yenisey script, Turkic runes) was the alphabet used by the Göktürks and other early Turkic khanates from the 8th to 10th centuries to record the Old Turkic language.
The Orkhon inscriptions are bilingual texts in Middle Chinese and Old Turkic, the latter written in the Old Turkic alphabet, carved into two memorial steles erected in the early 8th century by the Göktürks in the Orkhon Valley in what is modern-day Mongolia. They were created in honor of two Turkic princes, Kul Tigin and his brother Bilge ...
The Old Uyghur alphabet was a Turkic script used for writing Old Uyghur, a variety of Old Turkic spoken in Turpan and Gansu that is the ancestor of the modern Western Yugur language. [2] The term "Old Uyghur" used for this alphabet is misleading because Qocho, the Uyghur (Yugur) kingdom created in 843, originally used the Old Turkic alphabet.
Orkhon Turkic (also Göktürk) is the earliest version of Old Turkic, known as the oldest Turkic literary language, preceding Old Uyghur. It is the language in which the Orkhon and Yenisei inscriptions are written.
Old Turkic original text: atïm el toγan totoq bän täŋri älimkä älčisi [a] ärtim altï baγ bodunqa bägi ärtim äsiz [b] elim a qunǰuyïm a oγlanïm a bodunïm a äsizim a altmïš yašïmda. English translation: My name was El Togan Totok. I was the ambassador for my heavenly realm. I was the ruler of the six alliances. O sorrow!
Old Anatolian Turkish, [a] also referred to as Old Anatolian Turkic [2] [3] [4] (Turkish: Eski Anadolu Türkçesi, Perso-Arabic script: اسکی انادولو تورکچهسی [b]), was the form of the Turkish language spoken in Anatolia from the 11th to 15th centuries. It developed into Early Ottoman Turkish. It was written in the Perso ...
from Turkish batman. Any of various old Persian or Turkish units of weight [42] Beetewk from Russian bityug, bityuk, which is from Turkic bitük, akin to Chagatai bitü, Uzbek bitäü. A Russian breed of heavy draft horses. [43] [44] Beg from Turkic beg, an alternative form of bey [45] Beglerbeg from Turkish beylerbeyi, a variant of beylerbey ...