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The filaments may be fused and the anthers free, or the filaments free and the anthers fused. Rather than there being two locules, one locule of a stamen may fail to develop, or alternatively the two locules may merge late in development to give a single locule. [13]
Most anthers are formed on the apex of a filament. An anther and its filament together form a typical (or filantherous) stamen, part of the male floral organ. The typical anther is bilocular, i.e. it consists of two thecae. Each theca contains two microsporangia, also known as pollen sacs.
Intermediate filaments are composed of various proteins, depending on the type of cell in which they are found; they are normally 8-12 nm in diameter. [2] The cytoskeleton provides the cell with structure and shape, and by excluding macromolecules from some of the cytosol , it adds to the level of macromolecular crowding in this compartment. [ 17 ]
[1] [2] This is in contrast to adnation, the fusion of dissimilar organs. Such organs are described as connate or adnate, respectively. When like organs that are usually well separated are placed next to each other, but not actually connected, they are described as connivent (that is the case for anthers in several genera, such as Solanum).
The number of sepals ranges from four to thirteen. Flowers have between 25 and 160 stamens, with yellow, pale red, red, or dark red filaments topped by yellow, orange, red, or purple anthers. Although flowers with red-brown petals usually have red to purple filaments and anthers, both filaments and anthers can also be yellow in such flowers.
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