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A human colon is considered abnormally enlarged if it has a diameter greater than 12 cm [3] in the cecum (it is usually less than 9 cm [4]), greater than 6.5 cm [3] in the rectosigmoid region and greater than 8 cm [3] for the ascending colon. The transverse colon is usually less than 6 cm in diameter. [4] A megacolon can be either acute or ...
Sigmoidocele (also known as pouch of Douglas descent) is a medical condition in which a herniation of peritoneum containing loops of redundant sigmoid colon descends (prolapses) into the rectouterine pouch (in females), between the rectum and the vagina. [1] [2] This can obstruct the rectum and cause obstructed defecation syndrome. [3]
It is more commonly seen in the elderly, some psychiatric patients or in institutionalised individuals. It is not, however, a part of normal aging. The exact cause remains unknown. Dolichocolon is often an incidental finding on abdominal X-rays or colonoscopy. It is not by itself a disease and as such requires no treatment.
The transverse colon is the part of the colon from the hepatic flexure, also known as the right colic, (the turn of the colon by the liver) to the splenic flexure also known as the left colic, (the turn of the colon by the spleen). The transverse colon hangs off the stomach, attached to it by a large fold of peritoneum called the greater omentum.
Volvulus occurs most frequently in middle-aged and elderly men. [11] Volvulus can also arise as a rare complication in persons with redundant colon, a normal anatomic variation resulting in extra colonic loops. [12] Sigmoid volvulus is the most-common form of volvulus of the gastrointestinal tract.
Autopsy: Cardiomegaly has been suggested when the heart weighs more than >399 grams in women and >449 grams in men. [8] Large intestine: Dilation Upper limit of normal range of diameter: [9] Cecum: 10.5 cm; Ascending colon: 7.0 cm; Transverse colon: 6.5 cm; descending colon and sigmoid colon: 6.8 cm; Rectum near rectal/sigmoid junction: 7.5 cm ...
The total removal of the colon, called a colectomy or resection of affected parts of the colon may be needed if part of the gut dies (for instance toxic megacolon), or if there is a localized area of dysmotility. Gastric and colonic pacemakers have been tried. These are strips placed along the colon or stomach which create an electric discharge ...
This typically is associated with anatomic issues such as a redundant sigmoid colon or a transverse colon which prevents complete advancement of the colonoscope to the cecum. During an ELVIS procedure one proceduralist attempts a standard colonoscopy in the operating room with the patient under anesthesia.