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Occupational segregation is the distribution of workers across and within occupations, based upon demographic characteristics, most often gender. [1] Other types of occupational segregation include racial and ethnicity segregation, and sexual orientation segregation.
Occupational deprivation evolves over time and results from external factors that prevent an individual from engaging in meaningful occupations. Occupational deprivation can negatively impact feelings of self-efficacy and identity. Prisoners represent a population that experiences prolonged occupational deprivation. [3] ·
According to the model, outcome of the occupational segregation is wage differentials between the two genders. The reasons for segregation may be socialization, individual decisions, or labor market discrimination. [29] Wage differentials occur when the job opportunities or demand for the female-dominated sector is less than the supply of women ...
The Duncan Segregation Index is a measure of occupational segregation based on gender that measures whether there is a larger than expected presence of one gender over another in a given occupation or labor force by identifying the percentage of employed women (or men) who would have to change occupations for the occupational distribution of men and women to be equal.
Occupational inequality is often linked with occupational segregation in a work place. [11] The greater the segregation in a workplace, the greater the occupational inequality. [11] This is true specifically for jobs dominated by a certain minority or women. [11]
Gender-based occupational segregation is a prominent issue in US politics and government at all levels, including local, state, and national. This issue impacts democracy because a society cannot claim to have achieved gender equality and democratic legitimacy if women and men do not feel that they have equal opportunities to pursue their ...
Occupational apartheid is the concept in occupational therapy that different individuals, groups and communities can be deprived of meaningful and purposeful activity through segregation due to social, political, economical factors and for social status reasons.
Occupational segregation [39] or horizontal segregation [40] refers to disparity in pay associated with occupational earnings. A 2022 research study, conducted by Folbre et al., illustrates how the concentration of women in care occupations contributes significantly to the gender pay gap. [41]