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A Judeo-Arabic version of a popular narrative known as The Story of the Skull (whose earliest version is attributed to Ka'ab al-Ahbar) offers a detailed picture of the concept of Jahannam. [250] Here, Malak al-Mawt (the Angel of Death ) and a number of sixty angels seize the soul of the dead and begin torturing him with fire and iron hooks.
The Hebrew Bible refers to the valley as the "Valley of the son of Hinnom" (Hebrew: גֵּיא בֶן־הִנֹּם), [1] [8] or "Valley of Hinnom" (גֵי־הִנֹּם). [9] In Mishnaic Hebrew and Judeo-Aramaic languages , the name was contracted into Gēhīnnōm ( גֵיהִינֹּם ) or Gēhīnnām ( גֵיהִינָּם ) meaning "hell".
Neither set of verses mentions a bridge nor falling into hell, but Ṣirāṭ al-jahīm "was adopted into Islamic tradition to signify the span over jahannam, the top layer of the Fire". [Quran 37:21–27] In the hadith about "the bridge" or a bridge to hell or a bridge between heaven and hell, or over hell. [13]
The Quran explains that the Gospel revealed to Jesus confirmed the Torah which came before it. [14] The Torah found in the Hebrew Bible and Christian Bible is a compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. [15]
After the emergence of Islam, the name Azrael became popular among both Christian and Islamic literature and folklore. [citation needed] The name spelled as Ezrā’ël appears in the Classical Ethiopic version of Apocalypse of Peter (dating to the 16th century) as an angel of hell who avenges those who had been wronged during life. [12]
The Quran and the Bible have over 50 characters in common, typically in the same narratives. The Quran identifies Enoch (Idris) and Ishmael as prophets (Surah Maryam 19:54-58), but they are never given a story. In the Bible, all these men are identified as righteous people but not prophets — except Ishmael who is blessed by God (Genesis 17:20).
In the Hebrew Bible, God sents punishing angels to smite enemies (for example, Exodus 12:23). [105] According to the Apocalypse of Paul, an angel casts the sinners into hell. In hell, such angels inflict pain on the inmates with iron hooks. [28]: 63
The problem of Hell is an ethical problem in the Abrahamic religions of Christianity and Islam, in which the existence of Hell or Jahannam for the punishment of souls in the afterlife is regarded as inconsistent with the notion of a just, moral, and omnipotent, omnibenevolent, omniscient supreme being.