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Deaf-mute is a term which was used historically to identify a person who was either deaf and used sign language or both deaf and could not speak.The term continues to be used to refer to deaf people who cannot speak an oral language or have some degree of speaking ability, but choose not to speak because of the negative or unwanted attention atypical voices sometimes attract.
In human development, muteness or mutism [1] is defined as an absence of speech, with or without an ability to hear the speech of others. [2] Mutism is typically understood as a person's inability to speak, and commonly observed by their family members, caregivers, teachers, doctors or speech and language pathologists.
Muteness is the complete inability to speak. Speech sound disorders involve difficulty in producing specific speech sounds (most often certain consonants, such as /s/ or /r/), and are subdivided into articulation disorders (also called phonetic disorders) and phonemic disorders. Articulation disorders are characterized by difficulty learning to ...
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Stuttering is a form of disfluency; Disfluencies may be due to unwanted repetitions of sounds, or extension of speech sounds, syllables, or words. Disfluencies also incorporate unintentional pauses in speech, in which the individual is unable to produce speech sounds. [3]
Selective mutism (SM) is an anxiety disorder in which a person who is otherwise capable of speech becomes unable to speak when exposed to specific situations, specific places, or to specific people, one or multiple of which serve as triggers. This is caused by the freeze response. Selective mutism usually co-exists with social anxiety disorder. [1]
Speech sound disorder – previously called phonological disorder, for those with problems with pronunciation and articulation of their native language. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder ( Stuttering ) - standard fluency and rhythm of speech is interrupted, often causing the repetition of whole words and syllables. [ 15 ]
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