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Phalloplasty (also called penoplasty) [1] is the construction or reconstruction of a penis or the artificial modification of the penis by surgery. The term is also occasionally used to refer to penis enlargement .
Phalloplasty is the process of constructing a penis using a flap (graft) from the patient's arm, thigh, abdomen, or back. [13] Compared to metoidioplasty, phalloplasty provides a larger penis which may more closely resemble a natal penis.
Penis before and after circumcision. Circumcision is the removal of the foreskin, the double-layered fold of skin, mucosal and muscular tissue at the distal end of the human penis. [33] Around half of all circumcisions worldwide are performed for reasons of preventive healthcare; half for religious or cultural reasons.
Although different models of penile prostheses have been reported to be implanted after phalloplasty procedures, [24] with the first case described in 1978 by Pucket and Montie, [25] the first penile implants designed and produced specifically for female-to-male gender reassignment surgery for trans men were introduced in 2015 by Zephyr ...
Following phalloplasty, in 1999, the procedure for metoidioplasty was developed for female-to-male surgical transition by the doctors Lebovic and Laub. [38] Considered a variant of phalloplasty, metoidioplasty works to create a penis out of the patient's present clitoris. This allows the patient to have a sensation-perceiving penis head. [38]
People who are candidates for scrotoplasty need to be educated on the associated risks and complications before the procedure. There have been advancements in the surgical techniques. However, the risk of recurrent condition still exists. In addition, the cosmetic results might not be satisfactory to some people after surgery. [24]
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Since 2015, Zephyr Surgical Implants produces malleable and inflatable penile implants particularly designed for phalloplasty surgeries. [31] Standing during urination is an advantage offered by a reconstructed penis. [32]