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Ophthalmology (/ˌɒfθælˈmÉ’lÉ™dÊ’i/ OFF-thal-MOL-É™-jee) is a surgical subspecialty within medicine that handles the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. [1] [2] Ophthalmologists are physicians (M.D./D.O/have a doctorate in medicine) that undergo subspecialty training in medical and surgical eye care. [3]
An optician is an individual who fits eyeglasses or contact lenses by filling a refractive prescription from an optometrist or ophthalmologist. [1] They are able to translate and adapt ophthalmic prescriptions, dispense products, and work with accessories. [ 2 ]
In 2013, it was reported in the Indian Journal of Ophthalmology that poor spectacle compliance amongst school children in rural Pune resulted in significant vision loss. [ 28 ] In 2015, it was reported that optometrists need to be more involved in providing core optometry services like binocular vision and low vision.
Vision of humans and other organisms depends on several organs such as the lens of the eye, and any vision correcting devices, which use optics to focus the image. The eyes of many animals contains a lens that focuses the light of its surroundings onto the retina of the eye. This lens is essential to producing clear images within the eye.
Using a phoropter to determine a prescription for eyeglasses. An eyeglass prescription is an order written by an eyewear prescriber, such as an optometrist, that specifies the value of all parameters the prescriber has deemed necessary to construct and/or dispense corrective lenses appropriate for a patient.
An eye examination, commonly known as an eye test, [1] is a series of tests performed to assess vision and ability to focus on and discern objects. [2] It also includes other tests and examinations of the eyes. [3] Eye examinations are primarily performed by an optometrist, ophthalmologist, or an orthoptist.