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The Chicago Manual of Style (abbreviated as CMOS, TCM, or CMS, or sometimes as Chicago [1]) is a style guide for American English published since 1906 by the University of Chicago Press. Its 18 editions (the most recent in 2024) have prescribed writing and citation styles widely used in publishing.
The style and formatting of academic works, described within the manual, is commonly referred to as "Turabian style" or "Chicago style" (being based on that of The Chicago Manual of Style). The ninth edition of the manual, published in 2018, corresponds with the 17th edition of The Chicago Manual of Style.
The Chicago Manual of Style Online: Proofreading; Merriam-Webster: Proofreader's Marks; British Standards Institution BS 5261C:2005 – Hardcopy for purchase "PROOFMARKS - How to communicate your text changes without ambiguity" (PDF). Lancing Press. April 2014. (Online summary of BS5261, open access via "Proofmarks")
Purdue University, in West Lafayette, Indiana, launched the first OWL, in 1994. Its OWL is freely available online to all, and includes handouts, specific subject information, resources geared towards students in grades 7–12, [1] and citation formatting help with MLA, APA and other forms. [2]
Full citations are collected in footnotes or endnotes, or in alphabetical order by author's last name, under a "references", "bibliography", or "works cited" heading at the end of the text. This style of citation was a type of referencing used on Wikipedia until September 2020, when a community discussion reached a consensus to deprecate this ...
When the note system is used for source citations, two different systems of note marking and placement are needed—in Chicago Style, for instance, "the citation notes should be numbered and appear as endnotes. The substantive notes, indicated by asterisks and other symbols, appear as footnotes" ("Chicago Manual of Style" 2003, 16.63–64 ...
This template is a "shorthand" template for creating a properly formatted reference citation to The Chicago Manual of Style 16th Ed. (current as of February 2012, without having to specify all the parameters of {}. The CMoS most often cited in articles on grammar and style, and in Wikipedia's own WP:Manual of Style.
Shortened footnotes; Citations can also be placed as external links, but these are not preferred because they are prone to link rot and usually lack the full information necessary to find the original source in cases of link rot. In cases where citations are lacking, the template {} can be added after the statement in question.
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