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The reason an animal will accept its dominant or submissive position in a hierarchy is because of the game theory model of aggression. [2] Based on the hawk and dove game, being a hawk (aggressive individual) or dove (submissive individual) can be beneficial depending on the fitness associated with the trait.
Evolutionary game theory differs from classical game theory in focusing more on the dynamics of strategy change. [2] This is influenced by the frequency of the competing strategies in the population. [3] Evolutionary game theory has helped to explain the basis of altruistic behaviours in Darwinian evolution.
In biology and game theory, the Sir Philip Sidney game is used as a model for the evolution and maintenance of informative communication between relatives. Developed by John Maynard Smith as a model for chick begging behavior, it has been studied extensively including the development of many modified versions.
Thirty-five African elephants in northwestern Zimbabwe dropped dead under baffling circumstances between late August and November 2020. Eleven of the massive herd animals died within a 24-hour period.
Prisoner's dilemma – Standard example in game theory, wherein two parties may each act in an individually beneficial fashion to the detriment of both Race to the bottom – Repeated decisions by jurisdictions to compete for economic activity against one another by offering ever lower standards of regulation or taxation Pages displaying ...
Evolutionarily stable strategies were defined and introduced by John Maynard Smith and George R. Price in a 1973 Nature paper. [2] Such was the time taken in peer-reviewing the paper for Nature that this was preceded by a 1972 essay by Maynard Smith in a book of essays titled On Evolution. [1]
Known as the Great Dying, the mass extinction that ended the Permian geological period was the worst of the five global catastrophic events in Earth’s history, more devastating, than the one ...
Blake says she wouldn’t recommend the carnivore diet, not only because overconsumption of red meat, is linked to health conditions like type 2 diabetes, heart disease and several forms of cancer ...