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where is the angle (in radians) between the two flat sides of the pulley that the v-belt presses against. [5] A flat belt has an effective angle of α = π {\displaystyle \alpha =\pi } . The material of a V-belt or multi-V serpentine belt tends to wedge into the mating groove in a pulley as the load increases, improving torque transmission.
The belt also tends to wedge into the groove as the load increases—the greater the load, the greater the wedging action—improving torque transmission and making the V-belt an effective solution, needing less width and tension than flat belts. V-belts trump flat belts with their small center distances and high reduction ratios.
The belts are named after James Van Allen, who published an article describing the belts in 1958. [1] [2] Earth's two main belts extend from an altitude of about 640 to 58,000 km (400 to 36,040 mi) [3] above the surface, in which region radiation levels vary. The belts are in the inner region of Earth's magnetic field.
The most common type of CVT uses a V-belt which runs between two variable-diameter pulleys. [1] The pulleys consist of two cone-shaped halves that move together and apart. The V-belt runs between these two halves, so the effective diameter of the pulley is dependent on the distance between the two halves of the pulley.
The belt problem is a mathematics problem which requires finding the length of a crossed belt that connects two circular pulleys with radius r 1 and r 2 whose centers are separated by a distance P. The solution of the belt problem requires trigonometry and the concepts of the bitangent line , the vertical angle , and congruent angles .
The distance between the drums is controlled by the engine vacuum in the inlet manifold and engine RPM, through centrifugal weights inside the drums. Between the two pulleys runs a drive belt. As a result of the change in the distance of the conical drums in both pulleys, the diameters and so also the reduction ratio changes continuously. [2]
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The first multiple rope drive was a 9-rope drive of 200 bhp produced by Combe Barbour [1] for their Falls Foundry, Belfast, in 1863. [2] [3] James Combe experimented first with circular ropes laid from leather strips, then from manila hemp. [3]