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The Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB; Irish: Bráithreachas Phoblacht na hÉireann) was a secret oath-bound fraternal organisation dedicated to the establishment of an "independent democratic republic" in Ireland between 1858 and 1924. [1]
Although it was originally intended as a symbol of peace and ecumenism, the tricolour is today seen by some Irish unionists as a symbol of Irish republicanism and the Irish Republican Army. Many other flags are suggested as the cross-border flag for Ireland. The flag of Northern Ireland (Ulster Banner) was used officially between 1953 and 1973.
In 1858, the Irish Republican Brotherhood adopted the flag as their symbol. During the American Civil War , the sunburst motif was incorporated by several Irish regiments in their standards. In 1893 the Irish-language group called Conradh na Gaeilge established themselves, using the flag as the group's symbol in reference to the Fianna.
Members of the Irish Republican Brotherhood (148 P) C. Cumann na mBan (1 C, 4 P) F. Fenian Raids (1 C, 10 P) P. People of the Fenian dynamite campaign (3 P)
Members of the Irish Republican Brotherhood (147 P) Irish Republican Socialist Party politicians (10 P) P. People of the Fenian Rising (4 P) R.
Seán McGarry, President of the Irish Republican Brotherhood from 1917 until 1919; Liam Mellows; Michael McHugh, father of Maureen O'Carroll [4] Denis Dowling Mulcahy; John Mulholland, President of the Irish Republican Brotherhood from 1910 to 1912; Neal O'Boyle, President of the Irish Republican Brotherhood from 1907 until 191.
Clan na Gael (CnG) (Irish: Clann na nGael, pronounced [ˈklˠaːn̪ˠ n̪ˠə ˈŋeːlˠ]; "family of the Gaels") is an Irish republican organization, founded in the United States in the late 19th and 20th centuries, successor to the Fenian Brotherhood and a sister organization to the Irish Republican Brotherhood.
A red flag defaced with the initials "BMM" in black on a white lozenge. [28] House flag of the Belfast Steamship Company: A red pennant defaced with a white disc. [29] House flag of the British and Irish Steam Packet Company: A red cross outlined in green on a white field. House flag of the City of Cork Steam Packet Company