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In analytical chemistry, quantitative analysis is the determination of the absolute or relative abundance (often expressed as a concentration) of one, several or all particular substance(s) present in a sample. [1] It relates to the determination of percentage of constituents in any given sample. [2]
Qualitative analysis identifies analytes, while quantitative analysis determines the numerical amount or concentration. Analytical chemistry consists of classical, wet chemical methods and modern analytical techniques .
The qualitative and quantitative data generated from the laboratory can then be used for decision making. In the chemical sense, quantitative analysis refers to the measurement of the amount or concentration of an element or chemical compound in a matrix that differs from the element or compound. [ 3 ]
Qualitative assays, i.e. assays which generally give just a pass or fail, or positive or negative or some such sort of only small number of qualitative gradation rather than an exact quantity. Semi-quantitative assays , i.e. assays that give the read-out in an approximate fashion rather than an exact number for the quantity of the substance.
Antoine Lavoisier is regarded as the inventor of elemental analysis as a quantitative, experimental tool to assess the chemical composition of a compound. At the time, elemental analysis was based on the gravimetric determination of specific absorbent materials before and after selective adsorption of the combustion gases.
The field of chemistry uses analysis in three ways: to identify the components of a particular chemical compound (qualitative analysis), [3] to identify the proportions of components in a mixture (quantitative analysis), [4] and to break down chemical processes and examine chemical reactions between elements of matter. [5]
Classical qualitative inorganic analysis is a method of analytical chemistry which seeks to find the elemental composition of inorganic compounds. It is mainly focused on detecting ions in an aqueous solution , therefore materials in other forms may need to be brought to this state before using standard methods.
Qualitative analysis may refer to: Qualitative research, an inquiry into the reasoning behind human behavior; Qualitative inorganic analysis, a type of chemical analysis