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Margaritifera auricularia is a species of European freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Margaritiferidae, the freshwater pearl mussels.Formerly found throughout western and central Europe, the species is now critically endangered and is one of the rarest invertebrates worldwide, being confined to a few rivers in Spain and France.
As of February 2021, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 299 extinct species, 149 possibly extinct species, 14 extinct in the wild species, two possibly extinct in the wild species, eight extinct subspecies, one possibly extinct subspecies, and five extinct in the wild subspecies of mollusc. [1]
Epioblasma stewardsonii, the Cumberland leafshell or Steward's pearly mussel, is an extinct species of freshwater mussel in the family Unionidae. This species was endemic to the drainages of the Cumberland River and the Tennessee River in the United States. Its natural habitat was riffle areas in large- to medium-size rivers.
Epioblasma is a North American genus of freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve mollusks in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. Most of the species in this genus have been lost in modern times, and the entire genus is threatened with the possibility of extinction.
A formal freshwater mussel fishing industry was established in the mid-1850s to take advantage of this natural resource. [17] The "pearl rush" to find freshwater pearls became so intense in some rivers that millions of freshwater mussels were killed in a few years. In some rivers and streams entire freshwater mussel beds were completely eliminated.
The freshwater mussel, which had a greenish-brown shell marked by thin stripes, spent its time clinging to riverbeds, favoring fast-flowing water. As larva, it enjoyed glomming onto host fish to grow.
Epioblasma flexuosa, the arcuate pearly mussel or leafshell, was a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels.This species was endemic to the United States, where it was found in the major drainages of the Ohio River, including the Cumberland, Tennessee, and Wabash Rivers.
Epioblasma propinqua, the Tennessee riffleshell or nearby pearly mussel, is an extinct species of freshwater mussel in the family Unionidae.It was endemic to the United States, where it was found in the drainages of the Cumberland River, Ohio River, and Tennessee River.