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Fanconi syndrome or Fanconi's syndrome (English: / f ɑː n ˈ k oʊ n i /, / f æ n-/) is a syndrome of inadequate reabsorption in the proximal renal tubules [1] of the kidney.The syndrome can be caused by various underlying congenital or acquired diseases, by toxicity (for example, from toxic heavy metals), or by adverse drug reactions. [2]
Characteristics of Some Inherited Tubulopathies [4]; Disorder [OMIM Number] Protein Defect Chromosome Localization Inheritance Clinical Features/Notes Biochemical Features
It is today known that Bright's disease is caused by a wide and diverse range of kidney diseases; [1] [5] [6] thus, the term Bright's disease is retained for historical application but not in modern diagnosis. [7]
Infective endocarditis - Infection that affects the inner lining of the heart (endocardium) and can potentially cause a thrombus to form on one or more heart valves and, if left untreated, can cause septic emboli that can have many systemic effects, including deposition into the glomerulus, causing glomerulonephritis and nephritic syndrome.
Nephritis can often be caused by infections and toxins, but it is most commonly caused by autoimmune disorders that affect the major organs like kidneys. [ 5 ] Pyelonephritis is inflammation that results from a urinary tract infection that reaches the renal pelvis of the kidney.
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is a type of glomerulonephritis caused by deposits in the kidney glomerular mesangium and basement membrane thickening, [2] activating the complement system and damaging the glomeruli. MPGN accounts for approximately 4% of primary renal causes of nephrotic syndrome in children and 7% in adults. [3]
In adults, there are numerous potential causes, which makes an early kidney biopsy necessary to determine the correct diagnosis and treatment plan. [4] It also differs from the nephrotic syndrome that often develops in young individuals with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus , i.e., cSLE. cSLE is a form of systemic lupus ...
Presentation of nephrotic syndrome in the context of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis have been treated with immunosuppressants, such as steroids and cyclophosphamide. [2] Presentation with nephrotic syndrome can resolve with treatment, but can also progress. [10]