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  2. Hydrogen anion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_anion

    H − also occurs in the Earth's ionosphere [4] and can be produced in particle accelerators. [6] Its existence was first proven theoretically by Hans Bethe in 1929. [7] H − is unusual because, in its free form, it has no bound excited states, as was finally proven in 1977. [8] In chemistry, hydrogen has the formal oxidation state −1 in the ...

  3. Negative energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_energy

    The negative-energy particle then crosses the event horizon into the black hole, with the law of conservation of energy requiring that an equal amount of positive energy should escape. In the Penrose process , a body divides in two, with one half gaining negative energy and falling in, while the other half gains an equal amount of positive ...

  4. Hartree - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartree

    The hartree (symbol: E h), also known as the Hartree energy, is the unit of energy in the atomic units system, named after the British physicist Douglas Hartree. Its CODATA recommended value is E h = 4.359 744 722 2060 (48) × 10 −18 J ‍ [ 1 ] = 27.211 386 245 981 (30) eV .

  5. Hydrogen atom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_atom

    Depiction of a hydrogen atom showing the diameter as about twice the Bohr model radius. (Image not to scale) A hydrogen atom is an atom of the chemical element hydrogen.The electrically neutral hydrogen atom contains a single positively charged proton in the nucleus, and a single negatively charged electron bound to the nucleus by the Coulomb force.

  6. Hydrogen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen

    Hydrogen, as atomic H, is the most abundant chemical element in the universe, making up 75% of normal matter by mass and >90% by number of atoms. [96] In astrophysics, neutral hydrogen in the interstellar medium is called H I and ionized hydrogen is called H II. [97] Radiation from stars ionizes H I to H II, creating spheres of ionized H II ...

  7. Hydrogen ion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_ion

    Hydron: general name referring to the positive ion of any hydrogen isotope (H +) Proton: 1 H + (i.e. the cation of protium) Deuteron: 2 H +, D + Triton: 3 H +, T + In addition, the ions produced by the reaction of these cations with water as well as their hydrates are called hydrogen ions: Hydronium ion: H 3 O + Zundel cation: H 5 O 2 + (named ...

  8. Rydberg constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rydberg_constant

    In atomic physics, Rydberg unit of energy, symbol Ry, corresponds to the energy of the photon whose wavenumber is the Rydberg constant, i.e. the ionization energy of the hydrogen atom in a simplified Bohr model.

  9. Negative energy (disambiguation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_energy...

    Negative energy is a concept used in physics to explain the nature of certain fields. Negative energy may also refer to: Negative energy (esotericism) "Negative Energy" (song), a 2018 song by Trippie Redd; Negative Energy Plane in Dungeons & Dragons