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  2. Water softening - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_softening

    Brine draw: Water is directed through a jet pump, which pulls salt water from the brine tank, before the water and brine pass through the resin bed in the normal direction, if co-current, or in the reverse direction, if counter-current. [12] The output of this typically thirty-minute process is discarded through the drain hose.

  3. Dealkalization of water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dealkalization_of_water

    In the case of a water softener, the cation exchange resin is exchanging sodium (the Na + ion of NaCl) for hardness minerals such as calcium and magnesium. A dealkalizer contains strong base anion exchange resin that exchanges chloride (the Cl – ion of the NaCl) for carbonate (CO − 3), bicarbonate (H C O − 3) and sulfate (SO 2− 4). As ...

  4. Hypobromous acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypobromous_acid

    Addition of bromine to water gives hypobromous acid and hydrobromic acid (HBr(aq)) via a disproportionation reaction. Br 2 + H 2 O ↽ − ⇀ {\displaystyle {\ce {<=>>}}} HOBr + HBr In nature, hypobromous acid is produced by bromoperoxidases , which are enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of bromide with hydrogen peroxide: [ 2 ] [ 3 ]

  5. Lime softening - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lime_softening

    Lime softening (also known as lime buttering, lime-soda treatment, or Clark's process) [1] is a type of water treatment used for water softening, which uses the addition of limewater (calcium hydroxide) to remove hardness (deposits of calcium and magnesium salts) by precipitation.

  6. Water treatment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_treatment

    Dalecarlia Water Treatment Plant, Washington, D.C. Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment.

  7. Clarifier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarifier

    Tanks are sized to give water an optimal residence time within the tank. Economy favors using small tanks; but if flow rate through the tank is too high, most particles will not have sufficient time to settle, and will be carried with the treated water.

  8. Bromine water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromine_water

    Bromine water, Br 2. Bromine water is an oxidizing, intense brown mixture containing diatomic bromine (Br 2) dissolved in water (H 2 O). [1] It is often used as a reactive in chemical assays of recognition for substances which react with bromine in an aqueous environment with the halogenation mechanism, mainly unsaturated carbon compounds (carbon compounds with 1 or more double or triple bond(s)).

  9. Calgon (water softener) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calgon_(water_softener)

    Calgon is a brand of water softener products owned by the Anglo-Dutch company Reckitt Benckiser. ... This page was last edited on 10 February 2025, at 19:36 (UTC).