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Discretionary spending requires an annual appropriation bill, which is a piece of legislation. Discretionary spending is typically set by the House and Senate Appropriations Committees and their various subcommittees. Since the spending is typically for a fixed period (usually a year), it is said to be under the discretion of the Congress.
The United States federal budget is divided into three categories: mandatory spending, discretionary spending, and interest on debt. Also known as entitlement spending, in US fiscal policy, mandatory spending is government spending on certain programs that are required by law. [1] Congress established mandatory programs under authorization laws.
Figure B provides a snapshot of the major discretionary government spending categories as of the fiscal year 2019 budget approved by Congress. As the figure suggests, over 50% of discretionary spending is attributed to national defense. The remaining 48% of funds is divided among non-defense items such as transportation and education.
Discretionary spending is non-essential spending that isn't mandatory for your basic needs like shelter, food, healthcare, work and personal care. Many expenses are essential, but discretionary...
In American public finance, discretionary spending is government spending implemented through an appropriations bill. [1] This spending is an optional part of fiscal policy , in contrast to social programs for which funding is mandatory and determined by the number of eligible recipients. [ 2 ]
Flexible expenses are similar to variable expenses as they are discretionary purchases that can be altered or eliminated without a significant impact to your lifestyle.
A decrease in government spending or an increase in taxes can help reduce inflationary pressures within the economy. [13] During economic downturns, in the short run, government spending can be changed either via automatic stabilization or discretionary stabilization. Automatic stabilization is when existing policies automatically change ...
The government sector includes the treasury and the central bank, whereas the non-government sector includes private individuals and firms (including the private banking system) and the external sector – that is, foreign buyers and sellers. [6] In any given time period, the government's budget can be either in deficit or in surplus.