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Penicillium chrysogenum (formerly known as Penicillium notatum) is a species of fungus in the genus Penicillium. It is common in temperate and subtropical regions and can be found on salted food products, [ 1 ] but it is mostly found in indoor environments, especially in damp or water-damaged buildings. [ 2 ]
Penicillium growth can still occur indoors even if the relative humidity is low, as long as there is sufficient moisture available on a given surface. A British study determined that Aspergillus- and Penicillium-type spores were the most prevalent in the indoor air of residential properties, and exceeded outdoor levels. [14]
Genome organization of Penicillium chrysogenum virus (PcV) [1] Genomes are linear double-stranded RNA which is around 12.5 kbp in length. The genome codes for four proteins. The genome has three double stranded RNA segments. All have extended highly conserved terminal sequences at both ends. [1] [3]
Penicillium chrysogenum [2] Penicillium cinnamopurpureum [4] Penicillium citrinum [2] Penicillium citrioviride [4] Penicillium clavigerum [4] Penicillium clavistipitatum [5] Penicillium claviforme [2] Penicillium cluniae [5] Penicillium coalescens [2] Penicillium coccotrypicola [5] Penicillium coeruleum [2] Penicillium coffeae [4] Penicillium ...
Penicillium rubens is a species of fungus in the genus Penicillium and was the first species known to produce the antibiotic penicillin. It was first described by Philibert Melchior Joseph Ehi Biourge in 1923. For the discovery of penicillin from this species Alexander Fleming shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945. [1]
[17] From then on, Fleming's mould was synonymously referred to as P. notatum and P. chrysogenum. But Thom adopted and popularised the use of P. chrysogenum. [18] In addition to P. notatum, newly discovered species such as P. meleagrinum and P. cyaneofulvum were recognised as members of P. chrysogenum in 1977. [19]
The mould was identified as Penicillium chrysogenum and designated as NRRL 1951 or cantaloupe strain. [106] [116] The spores may have escaped from the NRRL. [117] [a] [b] Between 1941 and 1943, Moyer, Coghill and Raper developed methods for industrialized penicillin production and isolated higher-yielding strains of the Penicillium fungus.
Penicillium chrysogenum Strain: Wisconsin54-1255, industrial use (2008 [25]) Penicillium digitatum Strain PHI26 (2012 [26]) Penicillium digitatum Strain Pd1 (2012 [26] Talaromyces marneffei, human pathogen (2011 [27] Uncinocarpus reesii (2009 [23])