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The Berta (Bertha) or Funj or Benishangul are an ethnic group living along the border of Sudan and Ethiopia. They speak a Nilo-Saharan language that is not related to those of their Nilo-Saharan neighbors (Gumuz, Uduk). The total population of Ethiopian-Bertas in Ethiopia is 208,759 people. Sudanese-Bertas number around 180,000.
Berti is an extinct Saharan language that was once spoken in northern Sudan, specifically in the Tagabo Hills, Darfur, and Kurdufan. Berti speakers migrated into the region alongside other Nilo-Saharan speakers, such as the Masalit and Daju , who were agriculturalists with varying levels of animal husbandry .
Berta proper, a.k.a. Gebeto, is spoken by the Berta (also Bertha, Barta, Burta) in Sudan and Ethiopia.As of 2006 Berta had approximately 180,000 speakers in Sudan. [2]The three Berta languages, Gebeto, Fadashi and Undu, are often considered dialects of a single language.
Under the 1998 constitution, only Arabic was the official language. [6] [2] Nonetheless, English was acknowledged as the principal language in the South into the 1990s. [2]It was also the chief language at the University of Khartoum and was the language of secondary schools even in the North before 1969. [2]
The visual arts of Sudan encompass the historical and contemporary production of objects made by the inhabitants of today's Republic of the Sudan and specific to their respective cultures. This encompasses objects from cultural traditions of the region in North-East Africa historically referred to as the Sudan , including the southern regions ...
The Messiria are the first northern tribes and the first Baggara tribes to suffer from the 'southern war'. The Sudanese government gave the Messiria Arab militia machine guns and ordered them to drive the Nilotic peoples from the Western Upper Nile oil region. They successfully took the Luk Nuer in Bentiu and eastern Jikany Nuer in 1984. [9] [3]
Many of the Beja speak Arabic, while some speak the Beja language, [1] known as Bidhaawyeet or Tubdhaawi in that language. It belongs to the Cushitic branch of the Afroasiatic family. [18] Cohen noted that the Beja language is the Cushitic language with the largest proportion of Semitic roots, and stated that they are in majority of Arabic ...
The official language of South Sudan is English. [1] There are over 60 indigenous languages, most classified under the Nilo-Saharan Language family. Collectively, they represent two of the first order divisions of Nile Sudanic and Central Sudanic.