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Fluorobenzene is an aryl fluoride and the simplest of the fluorobenzenes, with the formula C 6 H 5 F, often abbreviated PhF. A colorless liquid, it is a precursor to many fluorophenyl compounds. A colorless liquid, it is a precursor to many fluorophenyl compounds.
The Balz–Schiemann reaction (also called the Schiemann reaction) is a chemical reaction in which a primary aromatic amine is transformed to an aryl fluoride via a diazonium tetrafluoroborate intermediate. [1] [2] [3] This reaction is a traditional route to fluorobenzene and some related derivatives, [4] including 4-fluorobenzoic acid. [5]
The diazo group (N 2) can be replaced by many other groups, usually anions, giving a variety of substituted phenyl derivatives: . C 6 H 5 N 2 + + Nu − → C 6 H 5 Nu + N 2. These transformations are associated with many named reactions including the Schiemann reaction, Sandmeyer reaction, and Gomberg-Bachmann reaction.
The most commonly employed Sandmeyer reactions are the chlorination, bromination, cyanation, and hydroxylation reactions using CuCl, CuBr, CuCN, and Cu 2 O, respectively. More recently, trifluoromethylation of diazonium salts has been developed and is referred to as a 'Sandmeyer-type' reaction.
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Pentafluorobenzene is an organofluoride compound with the molecular formula C 6 HF 5. [1] The compound consists of a benzene ring substituted with five fluorine atoms. [2] The substance is a colorless liquid with a boiling point similar to that of benzene.
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4-Fluorobromobenzene is synthesized via bromination of fluorobenzene in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst such as iron(III) bromide or aluminium tribromide. [2]4-Bromofluorobenzene is regarded by the Toxic Substances Control Act as a high production volume chemical, that is, a chemical that 1 million pounds (about 500 tonnes) per year is either produced in or imported to the United States.