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Modal tunings are open tunings in which the open strings of the guitar do not produce a tertian (i.e., major or minor, or variants thereof) chord. The strings may be tuned to exclusively present a single interval (all fourths; all fifths; etc.) or they may be tuned to a non-tertian chord (unresolved suspensions such as E–A–B–E–A–E ...
The advantage of these tunings is that they allow an extended upper note range versus a capo used with standard tuning which limits the number of notes that can be played; in some cases, instruo B ♭ or E ♭ (such as saxophones, which were frequently encountered in early rock and roll music) are more easily played when the accompanying guitar ...
The substitute dominant may be used as a pivot chord in modulation. [11] Since it is the dominant chord a tritone away, the substitute dominant may resolve down a fifth, to a tonic chord a tritone away from the previous tonic (for example, in F one may feature a ii–V on C, which with a substitute dominant resolves to G ♭, a distant key from ...
As such, a performer or arranger who wished to add variety to the song could try using a chord substitution for a repetition of this progression. One simple chord substitute for IV is the "ii" chord, a minor chord built on the second scale degree. In the key of C major, the "ii" chord is "D minor", which is the notes "D, F, and A".
Minor triads are formed out of both minor thirds and fifths. If either of the two intervals are substituted by an enharmonically equivalent interval (d6 instead of P5, or A2 instead of m3), then the triad will not sound good. Therefore, minor triads with root notes of E ♭, F, G ♯ and B ♭ are not used in the meantone scale defined above.
[11] [12] Like minor-thirds tuning (and unlike all-fourths and all-fifths tuning), major-thirds tuning is a repetitive tuning; it repeats its octave after three strings, which again simplifies the learning of chords and improvisation; [13] similarly, minor-thirds tuning repeats itself after four strings while augmented-fourths tuning repeats ...
In the minor mode, a common borrowed chord from the parallel major key is the Picardy third. In the major mode, the most common examples of borrowed chords are those involving the ♭, also known as the lowered sixth scale degree. These chords are shown below, in the key of C major. [8]
New standard tuning (NST) is an alternative tuning for the guitar that approximates all-fifths tuning.The guitar's strings are assigned the notes C2-G2-D3-A3-E4-G4 (from lowest to highest); the five lowest open strings are each tuned to an interval of a perfect fifth {(C,G),(G,D),(D,A),(A,E)}; the two highest strings are a minor third apart (E,G).