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The packaging for valsartan includes a warning stating the drug should not be used with the renin inhibitor aliskiren in people with diabetes. It also states the safety of the drug in severe renal impairment has not been established. [7] Valsartan includes a black box warning for fetal toxicity.
The use of valsartan in pregnancy is avoided due to the potential risk of fetal toxicity. [11] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has a black box warning for valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide use during pregnancy. [2] The use of hydrochlorothiazide is avoided in those with anuria or severe kidney disease. [12]
Environmental toxicants and fetal development is the impact of different toxic substances from the environment on the development of the fetus. This article deals with potential adverse effects of environmental toxicants on the prenatal development of both the embryo or fetus, as well as pregnancy complications. The human embryo or fetus is ...
Developmental toxicity is any developmental malformation that is caused by the toxicity of a chemical or pathogen. It is the structural or functional alteration, reversible or irreversible, which interferes with homeostasis , normal growth , differentiation , development or behavior.
Ionizing radiation in the form alpha, beta and gamma emissions are well known to adversely affect male and female fertility, as well as fetal development. [ 36 ] [ 37 ] Exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation can occur naturally in the environment or due to medical treatment or diagnosis, however, higher exposures may be associated with ...
Contraindicated in pregnancy: Studies in animals or humans have demonstrated fetal abnormalities and/or there is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from investigational or marketing experience, and the risks involved in use of the drug in pregnant women clearly outweigh potential benefits. N
655 Known or suspected fetal abnormality affecting management of mother. 655.73 Fetal movements, decreased, antepartum; 656 Other fetal and placental problems affecting management of mother. 656.0 Fetal-maternal hemorrhage affecting management of mother 656.11 Rh incompatibility, delivered; 656.31 Fetal distress, delivered; 656.53 Small-for ...
Human and animal studies did show that infants from stressed pregnancies have a poor immune function and are more likely to contract childhood illnesses as well as mental disorders. [ 33 ] There was a study published in the Journal of Pediatrics of August 19, 2020, which looked at how maternal recognition and stress can affect infant health ...