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For those that live in urban food deserts, they often do not have access to culturally-appropriate foods. [32] For many people who have health restrictions and food allergies, the effects of food deserts are further compounded. [32] The time and cost it takes for people to go to the grocery store makes fast food more desirable.
There have been multiple studies regarding the effects that University food deserts have on students. A study conducted by researchers Jaapna Dhillion, L. Katrina Diaz Rios, Kaitlyn J. Aldaz, and their peers, looked into the perception of first-year minority students attending a school in a food desert at the University of California.
Equity in both the decision-making process and the distribution of resources is the core of the food justice movement and can be achieved through government policies. One possible course of action to combat food deserts may be in mandating that corner stores and such in food deserts provide some variation of fruits and vegetables.
According to the USDA, in 2015, about 19 million people, around 6% of the United States population, lived in a food desert, and 2.1 million households both lived in a food desert and lacked access to a vehicle. [25] However, the definition and number of people living in food deserts is constantly evolving as it depends on census information. [28]
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A longitudinal study of food deserts in JAMA Internal Medicine shows that supermarket availability is generally unrelated to fruit and vegetable recommendations and overall diet quality. [59] In a 2018 article in Guernica, Karen Washington states that factors beyond physical access suggest the community should reexamine the word food desert itself.
The reason why food insecurity exists is also because of food deserts in the US. In 2021, the US Department of Agriculture determined that 12.8% of Americans, or more than 39 million people, live ...
Studies on food deserts and type 2 diabetes mellitus demonstrate that areas with limited access to nutritious food are associated with an increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes. [44] [45] [46] Studies show that food insecurity can impact the health of elderly adults including lower BMI, limited activity and malnutrition. [47]