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As the result, the study estimated the risk of an abrupt cooling event over Europe caused by the collapse of the current at 36.4%, which is lower than the 45.5% chance estimated by the previous generation of models [81] In 2022, a paper suggested that previous disruption of subpolar gyre was connected to the Little Ice Age. [82]
The climate system will vary in response to changes in forcings. [15] The climate system will show internal variability both in the presence and absence of forcings imposed on it. This internal variability is a result of complex interactions between components of the climate system, such as the coupling between the atmosphere and ocean. [16]
Climates are classified based on specific criteria unique to each climate type. [1] The Köppen climate classification is the most widely used climate classification scheme. [2] It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, [3] [4] with several later modifications by Köppen, notably in 1918 and ...
The right-wing blame game forces us into a false debate: whether disasters like wildfires are caused by climate change or some other factor. This leads people to feel they must select climate ...
Climate change can also be used more broadly to include changes to the climate that have happened throughout Earth's history. [32] Global warming—used as early as 1975 [33] —became the more popular term after NASA climate scientist James Hansen used it in his 1988 testimony in the U.S. Senate. [34] Since the 2000s, climate change has ...
Small-scale, tornado-like circulations can occur over or near any intense surface heat source, which would have significant instability in its vicinity. Those that occur near intense wildfires are called fire whirls, which can spread a fire beyond its previous bounds. [16] A steam devil is a rotating updraft that involves steam or smoke.
Ecological overshoot expressed in terms of how many Earths equivalent of natural resources are consumed by humanity each year. Ecological overshoot is the phenomenon which occurs when the demands made on a natural ecosystem exceed its regenerative capacity. Global ecological overshoot occurs when the demands made by humanity exceed what the ...
The climate of a location is affected by its latitude, longitude, terrain, altitude, land use and nearby water bodies and their currents. [3] Climates can be classified according to the average and typical variables, most commonly temperature and precipitation. The most widely used classification scheme is the Köppen climate classification.