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The Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) is one of three recognized subspecies of the Asian elephant, and native to the Indonesian island of Sumatra.In 2011, IUCN upgraded the conservation status of the Sumatran elephant from endangered to critically endangered in its Red List as the population had declined by at least 80% during the past three generations, estimated to be about 75 ...
Agustinus Suyanto, Masaaki Yoneda, Ibnu Maryanto, Maharadatunkamsi and Jito Sugardjito (2002). "Checklist of The Mammals of Indonesia: Scientific name and distribution area table in Indonesia including CITES, IUCN and Indonesian category for conservation".
The Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), also known as the Asiatic elephant, is a species of elephant distributed throughout the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, from India in the west to Borneo in the east, and Nepal in the north to Sumatra in the south. Three subspecies are recognised—E. m. maximus, E. m. indicus and E. m. sumatranus.
Elephas maximus sumatranus – Sumatran elephant; Elephas maximus borneensis – Borneo elephant, proposed but not yet recognized as valid [14] The following Asian elephants were proposed as extinct subspecies, but are now considered synonymous with the Indian elephant: [1] Elephas maximus sondaicus – Javan elephant †
The number of Sumatran elephants in the park was estimated to be 247 in 2015. [11] The population of Sumatran tigers has declined from 36-40 in 2000 to fewer than 30. [12] Other mammals in the park are the Malayan tapir, Sumatran dhole (Cuon alpinus sumatrensis) and siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus syndactylus). [8]
A female named Delilah gave birth to a 25-kilogram (55-pound) male calf at a sanctuary for Sumatran rhinos in Way Kambas National Park in Lampung province, at the southern tip of Sumatra island.
The pre-eminent threats to the Asian elephant today are habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation, which are driven by an expanding human population, and lead in turn to increasing conflicts between humans and elephants when elephants eat or trample crops. Hundreds of people and elephants are killed annually as a result of such conflicts. [12]
Thomas's langur (Presbytis thomasi), also known as the North Sumatran leaf monkey or Thomas's leaf monkey, is a species of primate in the family Cercopithecidae. It is endemic to northern Sumatra , Indonesia , [ 3 ] not living to the south and east of Lake Toba and the Alas and Wampu rivers. [ 4 ]