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Picrotoxin is an equimolar mixture of two compounds, picrotoxinin (C 15 H 16 O 6; CAS# 17617-45-7) and picrotin (C 15 H 18 O 7; CAS# 21416-53-5). [3] Of the two compounds, picrotin is less active. [4] Picrotoxin occurs naturally in the fruit of the Anamirta cocculus, a climbing plant from India and other parts of Southeast Asia. The plant is ...
In the joined table "weight in kg" is the weight eaten per day of each of the listed foodstuffs. Diet 1, with small quantities of ginger, nutmeg, and paprika, a good serving of dry raisins, a reasonable amount of coffee, cereals, wine, pulses, and salami, amounts to a safe diet (as for ochratoxin, at least), with 286 ng per day.
T-2 mycotoxin has an LD 50 of approximately 1 milligram per kilogram of body weight. The EFSA estimates that the mean exposure of T-2 in the EU lies between 12 and 43 ng/kg bw/day. [ 19 ] This range is below the TDI of 100 ng/ kg body weight for the sum of HT-2 and T-2 toxins which is used by the EFSA.
Citrinin is a polyketide mycotoxin, which is a secondary metabolite of some fungi species. Its IUPAC name is (3R,4S)-4,6-dihydro-8-hydroxy-3,4,5-trimethyl-6-oxo-3H-2-benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid and the molecular formula is C 13 H 14 O 5. Citrinin has a molecular weight of 250.25 g/mol. It forms disordered yellow crystals which melt at 175 °C.
Pitolisant, sold under the brand name Wakix among others, is a medication used for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in adults with narcolepsy. [3] It is an inverse agonist of the histamine H 3 receptor. [3]
The subject was a 61-year-old man with a body weight of 67 kg who was presenting with fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Mushrooms were collected from the same region and shown to the patient in order to confirm that these were what he had eaten and two mushrooms of approximately the same size and level of maturity were ...
Fipronil is a broad-spectrum insecticide that belongs to the phenylpyrazole insecticide class. [3] Fipronil disrupts the insect central nervous system by blocking the ligand-gated ion channel of the GABA A receptor (IRAC group 2B) and glutamate-gated chloride (GluCl) channels.
[16] [17] Its chemical structure was not determined until 1953, however, when it was shown that it has a molecular formula of C 17 H 22 O 2 and it is an aliphatic, highly unsaturated alcohol with two triple bonds conjugated with three double bonds, and two hydroxyl groups. [18] The first synthesis of cicutoxin was reported in 1955. [19]