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The first one consists on thermally converting calcium carboxylate salts into the corresponding ketones. This was a common method for making acetone from calcium acetate during World War I. [6] The other method for making ketones consists on converting the vaporized carboxylic acids on a catalytic bed of zirconium oxide. [7]
Enantioselective ketone reductions convert prochiral ketones into chiral, non-racemic alcohols and are used heavily for the synthesis of stereodefined alcohols. [ 1 ] Carbonyl reduction, the net addition of H 2 across a carbon-oxygen double bond, is an important way to prepare alcohols.
The Wolff–Kishner reduction is a reaction used in organic chemistry to convert carbonyl functionalities into methylene groups. [1] [2] In the context of complex molecule synthesis, it is most frequently employed to remove a carbonyl group after it has served its synthetic purpose of activating an intermediate in a preceding step.
The scope can be broadened to substrates containing one electron withdrawing group by formylating a ketone via a Claisen condensation, followed by diazo-transfer and deformylative group transfer. [23] Formylative diazo-transfer. One of the greatest advantages of this method is its compatibility with unsaturated ketones.
In organic chemistry, carbonyl reduction is the conversion of any carbonyl group, usually to an alcohol. It is a common transformation that is practiced in many ways. [ 1 ] Ketones , aldehydes , carboxylic acids , esters , amides , and acid halides - some of the most pervasive functional groups , -comprise carbonyl compounds.
The CBS reduction has proven to be an effective and powerful method to reduce a wide range of different types of ketones in both a stereoselective and chemoselective manner. Substrates include a large variety of aryl-aliphatic, di-aliphatic, di-aryl, α,β unsaturated enone and ynone systems, as well as ketones containing heteroatoms .
Alcohol oxidation is a collection of oxidation reactions in organic chemistry that convert alcohols to aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters. The reaction mainly applies to primary and secondary alcohols. Secondary alcohols form ketones, while primary alcohols form aldehydes or carboxylic acids. [1] A variety of oxidants can be used.
An α,β-epoxyketone reacts with hydrazine hydrate to yield an allylic alcohol. [7] In the synthesis of warburganal, a bioactive natural product, the α,β-epoxyketone is formed from a cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketone and in a separate step reacts under the classical Wharton olefin synthesis conditions to yield an allylic diol. [8]