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  2. Thoracic vertebrae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_vertebrae

    The fifth thoracic vertebra, together with the fourth, is at the same level as the sternal angle. The human trachea divides into two main bronchi at the level of the 5th thoracic vertebra, but may also end higher or lower, depending on breathing. The thoracic spinal nerve 5 (T5) passes inferior to it.

  3. Rib cage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rib_cage

    The rib cage or thoracic cage is an endoskeletal enclosure in the thorax of most vertebrates that comprises the ribs, vertebral column and sternum, which protect the vital organs of the thoracic cavity, such as the heart, lungs and great vessels and support the shoulder girdle to form the core part of the axial skeleton.

  4. Spinal column - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_column

    The sacral vertebrae are fused with the lumbar vertebrae, and some thoracic and caudal vertebrae, to form a single structure, the synsacrum, which is thus of greater relative length than the sacrum of mammals. In living birds, the remaining caudal vertebrae are fused into a further bone, the pygostyle, for attachment of the tail feathers. [26]

  5. Thorax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thorax

    In mammals, the thorax is the region of the body formed by the sternum, the thoracic vertebrae, and the ribs. It extends from the neck to the diaphragm, and does not include the upper limbs. The heart and the lungs reside in the thoracic cavity, as well as many blood vessels. The inner organs are protected by the rib cage and the sternum.

  6. Vertebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebra

    Each vertebra (pl.: vertebrae) is an irregular bone with a complex structure composed of bone and some hyaline cartilage, that make up the vertebral column or spine, of vertebrates. The proportions of the vertebrae differ according to their spinal segment and the particular species.

  7. Rib - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rib

    The first rib is unique and easier to distinguish than other ribs. It is a short, flat, C-shaped bone, and attaches to the manubrium. [6] The vertebral attachment can be found just below the neck at the first thoracic vertebra, and the majority of this bone can be found above the level of the clavicle.

  8. Thoracic cavity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_cavity

    The picture displays the mediastinum on sagittal plane, thoracic diaphragm at the bottom, the heart (cor), behind sternum and ribs (to the left on the picture (this is the anterior/front) and to the right (posterior/back)), you have the thoracic vertebrae. The thoracic cavity (or chest cavity) is the chamber of the body of vertebrates that is ...

  9. Costovertebral joints - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costovertebral_joints

    The articulation of the head of rib connects the head of the rib and the bodies of vertebrae. ... the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy ... Diagram at ithaca.edu via web ...