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Individuals are asked to first designate ethnicity as: Hispanic or Latino or. Not Hispanic or Latino. Second, individuals are asked to indicate one or more races that apply among the following: American Indian or Alaska Native. Asian. Black or African American. Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. White. Hispanic or Latino.
At the federal level, race and ethnicity have been categorized separately. The most recent United States census recognized five racial categories (White, Black, Native American/Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander), as well as people who belong to two or more of the racial categories.
Different cultures define different racial groups, often focused on the largest groups of social relevance, and these definitions can change over time. Historical race concepts have included a wide variety of schemes to divide local or worldwide populations into races and sub-races.
The revisions to the minimum categories on race and ethnicity, announced Thursday by the Office of Management and Budget, are the latest effort to label and define the people of the United States.
Explore population counts for detailed race and ethnicity groups and American Indian and Alaska Native tribes and villages for the nation, states, and counties.
People who identify their origin as Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish may be of any race. OMB requires five minimum categories: White, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander.
*Harvard University has accepted the new Race/Ethnicity classifications mandated by the U.S. Department of Education, per its “Final Guidance on Maintaining, Collecting, and Reporting Racial and Ethnic Data to the U.S. Dept. of Ed”: http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/Section/definitions
Race and ethnicity are considered separate and distinct identities, with a person's origins considered in the census. Thus, in addition to their race or races, all respondents are categorized by membership in one of two ethnic categories, which are "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino."
The race categories on the 2020 Census were listed in order of population size. The 2020 Census race question listed the White racial category first because it is the largest racial population group in the United States.
Explore the different race, ethnicity and origin categories used in the U.S. decennial census, from the first one in 1790 to the latest count in 2020. The category names often changed in a reflection of current politics, science and public attitudes. For example, “colored” became “black,” with “Negro” and “African American” added later.