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Colonoscopy (/ ˌkɒləˈnɒskəpi /) or coloscopy (/ kəˈlɒskəpi /) [1] is a medical procedure involving the endoscopic examination of the large bowel (colon) and the distal portion of the small bowel. This examination is performed using either a CCD camera or a fiber optic camera, which is mounted on a flexible tube and passed through the ...
Colorectal cancer (CRC), also known as bowel cancer, colon cancer, or rectal cancer, is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine). [5] Signs and symptoms may include blood in the stool, a change in bowel movements, weight loss, abdominal pain and fatigue. [9] Most colorectal cancers are due to lifestyle ...
Colorectal surgery is a field in medicine dealing with disorders of the rectum, anus, and colon. [1] The field is also known as proctology, but this term is now used infrequently within medicine and is most often employed to identify practices relating to the anus and rectum in particular. [clarification needed] The word proctology is derived ...
Tubulovillous adenoma (tubular component – left of image, villous component – right of image). H&E stain. The colorectal adenoma is a benign glandular tumor of the colon and the rectum. It is a precursor lesion of the colorectal adenocarcinoma (colon cancer). [1][2][3] They often manifest as colorectal polyps.
Sigmoidoscopy ("sigma", the Greek term for letter "s/ς" + "eidos" + "scopy": namely, to look inside an "s"/"ς"-like object) is the minimally invasive medical examination of the large intestine from the rectum through to the nearest part of the colon, the sigmoid colon. There are two types of sigmoidoscopy: flexible sigmoidoscopy, which uses a ...
Megacolon is an abnormal dilation of the colon (also called the large intestine). [1][2] This leads to hypertrophy of the colon. [2] The dilation is often accompanied by a paralysis of the peristaltic movements of the bowel. In more extreme cases, the feces consolidate into hard masses inside the colon, called fecalomas (literally, fecal tumor ...
Postpolypectomy coagulation syndrome (Postpolypectomy syndrome or PPCS) is a condition that occurs following colonoscopy with electrocautery polypectomy, which results in a burn injury to the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. The condition results in abdominal pain, fever, elevated white blood cell count and elevated serum C-reactive protein.
Colonic polypectomy is the removal of colorectal polyps in order to prevent them from turning cancerous. Gastrointestinal polyps can be removed endoscopically through colonoscopy or esophagogastroduodenoscopy, or surgically if the polyp is too large to be removed endoscopically. The method used to perform colonic polypectomies during ...