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  2. Cholesterol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesterol

    Cholesterol is the principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils. [3] [4] Cholesterol is biosynthesized by all animal cells and is an essential structural component of animal cell membranes. In vertebrates, hepatic cells typically produce the greatest amounts.

  3. Glucose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose

    Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C 6 H 12 O 6. Glucose is overall the most abundant monosaccharide, [4] a subcategory of carbohydrates. Glucose is mainly made by plants and most algae during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight.

  4. Lipid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid

    [2]: 328 The middle structure is a triglyceride composed of oleoyl, stearoyl, and palmitoyl chains attached to a glycerol backbone. At the bottom is the common phospholipid phosphatidylcholine . Lipids are a broad group of organic compounds which include fats , waxes , sterols , fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A , D , E and K ...

  5. Polysaccharide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysaccharide

    Polysaccharide. 3D structure of cellulose, a beta-glucan polysaccharide. Amylose is a linear polymer of glucose mainly linked with α (1→4) bonds. It can be made of several thousands of glucose units. It is one of the two components of starch, the other being amylopectin. Polysaccharides (/ ˌpɒliˈsækəraɪd /), or polycarbohydrates, are ...

  6. Low-density lipoprotein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-density_lipoprotein

    Low-density lipoprotein. LDL has been associated with the progression of atherosclerosis and blockage of the artery lumen, because it can carry cholesterol into smaller vessels. But LDL is also essential for carrying lipids that keep the human body alive, including in those small vessels. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the five major ...

  7. Triglyceride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triglyceride

    Example of an unsaturated fat triglyceride (C 55 H 98 O 6).Left part: glycerol; right part, from top to bottom: palmitic acid, oleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid. A triglyceride (from tri-and glyceride; also TG, triacylglycerol, TAG, or triacylglyceride) is an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids. [1]

  8. Glycogen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogen

    By 1857, he described the isolation of a substance he called "la matière glycogène", or "sugar-forming substance". Soon after the discovery of glycogen in the liver, M.A. Sanson found that muscular tissue also contains glycogen. The empirical formula for glycogen of (C 6 H 10 O 5) n was established by August Kekulé in 1858. [35]

  9. Lipoprotein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipoprotein

    The role of lipoprotein particles is to transport fat molecules, such as triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol within the extracellular water of the body to all the cells and tissues of the body. The proteins included in the external shell of these particles, called apolipoproteins, are synthesized and secreted into the extracellular ...

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